Study Design: Characterize extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and its phosphorylation (pERK) in neural tissues after topical application of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) to L5 nerve root.
Objective: Identify time-course, localization, and expression of pERK.
Summary Of Background Data: TNF-alpha has a key role in disc herniation and sciatica as an inflammatory component of the nucleus pulposus. ERK is associated with neuronal signal transduction and nociception.
Methods: We studied tissue from naive rats, vehicle-treated rats, and rats receiving rat recombinant TNF-alpha using Western blots of total and phosphorylated ERK (pERK). We used immunohistochemistry of pERK with neuronal nuclear (NeuN) antibody to identify its cellular distribution.
Results: Topical application of TNF-alpha to rat nerve root increased pERK in ipsilateral dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and glia within 5 hours. pERK was not expressed in DRG during the first hour after TNF-alpha application, nor was it seen at anytime in spinal cord dorsal horn. DRG satellite cells had increased pERK 5 hours after TNF-alpha or vehicle treatment. TNF-alpha treatment increased pERK in small- and medium-sized DRG neurons and to a lesser degree in large neurons.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that ERK signaling plays a role in the activation of DRG cells following inflammatory injuries to nerve roots and further documents the importance of inflammation in the pathogenesis of painful spine disorders.
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