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A systematic review and meta-analyses of the temporal stability and convergent validity of risk preference measures.
Nat Hum Behav
January 2025
Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Understanding whether risk preference represents a stable, coherent trait is central to efforts aimed at explaining, predicting and preventing risk-related behaviours. We help characterize the nature of the construct by adopting a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analytic approach to summarize the temporal stability of 358 risk preference measures (33 panels, 57 samples, 579,114 respondents). Our findings reveal noteworthy heterogeneity across and within measure categories (propensity, frequency and behaviour), domains (for example, investment, occupational and alcohol consumption) and sample characteristics (for example, age).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan non-human primates extract the linear trend from a noisy scatterplot?
iScience
January 2025
Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin Center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France.
Recent studies showed that humans, regardless of age, education, and culture, can extract the linear trend of a noisy scatterplot. Although this capacity looks sophisticated, it may simply reflect the extraction of the principal trend of the graph, as if the cloud of dots was processed as an oriented object. To test this idea, we trained Guinea baboons to associate arbitrary shapes with the increasing or decreasing trends of noiseless and noisy scatterplots, while varying the number of points, the noise level, and the regression slope.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSemantic Memory Space Becomes Denser with Age.
Neuropsychologia
January 2025
University of Texas at Austin, 110 Inner Campus Drive, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
Semantic memory, a repository for concepts and factual information, plays a vital role in acquiring and retrieving knowledge. This study explores the impact of age-related knowledge accumulation on semantic cognition, investigating whether a denser representational space affects retrieval processes. Using a semantic feature verification task, we employ both behavioral (reaction time; RT) and neurophysiological (event-related potential; ERP) measures to explore these dynamics across young and older adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIs the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) a Useful Tool for Predicting IVF Success?
Medicina (Kaunas)
January 2025
Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
: Infertility is a global problem. The interaction between depression and infertility seems bidirectional, and depression may negatively influence IVF outcomes. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is one of the most extensively used instruments for diagnosing depression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsufficient Sleep Syndrome in Childhood.
Children (Basel)
December 2024
School of Medicine, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
Sleep disorders in children have a negative impact on mental and physical development, and a lack of sleep is one of the most important problems in infancy. At the age when naps are commonly accepted, the judgment of whether the amount of sleep is adequate has been based on the total amount of sleep per day. In other words, the idea is that even if the amount of sleep at night is insufficient, it is not considered insufficient if it is compensated for by taking a long nap or sleeping late on weekend mornings.
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