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Tissue-Specific DNA Methylation Changes in CD8 T Cells During Chronic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of Infant Rhesus Macaques.
Viruses
November 2024
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Robust CD8 T cell responses are critical for the control of HIV infection in both adults and children. Our understanding of the mechanisms driving these responses is based largely on studies of cells circulating in peripheral blood in adults, but the regulation of CD8 T cell responses in tissue sites is poorly understood, particularly in pediatric infections. DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that regulates gene transcription.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreparation and In Vitro/In Vivo Characterization of Mixed-Micelles-Loaded Dissolving Microneedles for Sustained Release of Indomethacin.
Pharmaceutics
November 2024
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Indomethacin (IDM) is commonly used to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. However, long-term oral IDM treatment can harm the gastrointestinal tract. This study presents a design for encapsulating IDM within mixed micelles (MMs)-loaded dissolving microneedles (DMNs) to improve and sustain transdermal drug delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Use of Tissue Concentrations of Biological and Small-Molecule Therapies in Clinical Studies of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.
Pharmaceutics
November 2024
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The introduction of biological therapies has revolutionized inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management. A critical consideration in developing these therapies is ensuring adequate drug concentrations at the site of action. While blood-based biomarkers have shown limited utility in optimizing treatment (except for TNF-alpha inhibitors and thiopurines), tissue drug concentrations may offer valuable insights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOxidative Stress and Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway Involvement in Bisphenol A-Induced Liver Damage in Rats.
Toxics
November 2024
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Bisphenol A (BPA), extensively utilized in the manufacture of epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics, is prevalent in the environment. Its exposure has been associated with an increased risk of hepatic lesions; however, the underlying mechanisms and the spectrum of its effects remain poorly understood. This study investigates the role of the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway in regulating BPA-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo using a rat model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeat-Killed subsp. 557 Extracts Protect Chondrocytes from Osteoarthritis Damage by Reducing Inflammation: An In Vitro Study.
Nutrients
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan.
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic condition characterized by joint pain and disability, driven by excessive oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine production in chondrocytes, resulting in cell death and cartilage matrix breakdown. Our previous study showed that in monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rats, oral administration of heat-killed subsp. 557 (LDL557) could significantly decrease OA progression.
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