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The invisible enemy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of maternal smokeless tobacco use as a risk factor for low birth weight.
PLoS One
January 2025
National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Introduction: Smokeless tobacco use is a growing public health concern, with potential adverse implications for foetal outcomes if consumed during pregnancy. Birth weight is an important predictive measure for health outcomes of a child throughout their lifespan. Despite extensive literature, it is unclear whether smokeless tobacco consumption during pregnancy has an adverse effect on birth weight.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of iron deficiency anemia with dental caries in the permanent first molars of children aged 7-12 years in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan: protocol for an analytical cross-sectional study.
BMJ Open
January 2025
Population & Reproductive Health Section, Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Introduction: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) and dental caries are prevalent diseases among Pakistani children. Limited research has been done to explore their association with permanent teeth. Given the caries susceptibility of permanent first molars and their role in the development of ideal occlusion, this study aimed to estimate caries frequency in these molars and assess its association with IDA in 7-12 year-old children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of Smokeless Tobacco Use With Perioperative Complications and Revision Surgery After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.
Am J Sports Med
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
Background: Tobacco use is a known modifiable risk factor for postoperative complications and revision surgery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Previous studies focus on tobacco as a broad categorization of traditional smoking, smokeless tobacco, and other forms of nicotine use. It is unclear if differences in the type of nicotine used lead to similar adverse outcomes after ACLR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistorical and political context for Philip Morris International's continuing medical education courses on harm reduction.
Tob Control
January 2025
Retired, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
In 2024, Philip Morris International's (PMI) website stated they support 'independent' continuing medical education courses on harm reduction for medical and other healthcare professionals. These courses mirrored industry marketing and political strategies by presenting smokeless tobacco products and e-cigarettes as alternatives to smoking, sometimes without mentioning tobacco cessation. The enactment of the US Family Smoking and Tobacco Control Act gave the US Food and Drug Agency jurisdiction over tobacco products and included the industry's 'continuum of risk' frame, and emboldened tobacco companies to make harm reduction claims about these products, which they had previously avoided for fear of triggering restrictive regulation of cigarettes.
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