AI Article Synopsis
- - Human granulocytic anaplasmosis is a tickborne infection caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, first recognized in humans in 1990, though it was known as a veterinary issue since 1932.
- - Cases of this infection have significantly increased in the US and are also present in Europe, hinting at a broader global distribution that may often go unnoticed.
- - The bacterium targets neutrophils, which are crucial immune cells, leading to alterations in their function that could result in severe health issues and opportunistic infections; further research is needed to understand the immune response and why some individuals experience more severe symptoms than others.
Article Abstract
Human granulocytic anaplasmosis is a tickborne rickettsial infection of neutrophils caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The human disease was first identified in 1990, although the pathogen was defined as a veterinary agent in 1932. Since 1990, US cases have markedly increased, and infections are now recognized in Europe. A high international seroprevalence suggests infection is widespread but unrecognized. The niche for A. phagocytophilum, the neutrophil, indicates that the pathogen has unique adaptations and pathogenetic mechanisms. Intensive study has demonstrated interactions with host-cell signal transduction and possibly eukaryotic transcription. This interaction leads to permutations of neutrophil function and could permit immunopathologic changes, severe disease, and opportunistic infections. More study is needed to define the immunology and pathogenetic mechanisms and to understand why severe disease develops in some persons and why some animals become long-term permissive reservoir hosts.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3367650 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1112.050898 | DOI Listing |
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