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An integrative taxonomic approach reveals two putatively novel species of phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Thailand.
Parasit Vectors
January 2025
Center of Excellence in Veterinary Parasitology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Background: The subfamily Phlebotominae comprises 1028 species of sand fly, of which only 90 are recognized as vectors of pathogenic agents such as Trypanosoma, Leishmania, and Bartonella. In Thailand, leishmaniasis-a sand fly-borne disease-is currently endemic, with 36 documented sand fly species. However, many cryptic species likely remain unidentified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunopeptidomic MHC-I profiling and immunogenicity testing identifies Tcj2 as a new Chagas disease mRNA vaccine candidate.
PLoS Pathog
December 2024
Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease. Globally 6 to 7 million people are infected by this parasite of which 20-30% will progress to develop Chronic Chagasic Cardiomyopathy (CCC). Despite its high disease burden, no clinically approved vaccine exists for the prevention or treatment of CCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetecting complex infections in trypanosomatids using whole genome sequencing.
BMC Genomics
October 2024
York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Background: Trypanosomatid parasites are a group of protozoans that cause devastating diseases that disproportionately affect developing countries. These protozoans have developed several mechanisms for adaptation to survive in the mammalian host, such as extensive expansion of multigene families enrolled in host-parasite interaction, adaptation to invade and modulate host cells, and the presence of aneuploidy and polyploidy. Two mechanisms might result in "complex" isolates, with more than two haplotypes being present in a single sample: multiplicity of infections (MOI) and polyploidy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProton-coupled electron transfer dynamics in the alternative oxidase.
Chem Sci
October 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University Stockholm 10691 Sweden
The alternative oxidase (AOX) is a membrane-bound di-iron enzyme that catalyzes O-driven quinol oxidation in the respiratory chains of plants, fungi, and several pathogenic protists of biomedical and industrial interest. Yet, despite significant biochemical and structural efforts over the last decades, the catalytic principles of AOX remain poorly understood. We develop here multi-scale quantum and classical molecular simulations in combination with biochemical experiments to address the proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions responsible for catalysis in AOX from , the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGraphene quantum dots disrupt the mitochondrial potential of Trypanosoma brucei by interacting with the p18 subunit of ATP synthase F after endocytosis via the VSG recycling pathway.
J Colloid Interface Sci
February 2025
Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang 110866, China; Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang 110866, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Trypanosomiasis, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma brucei, poses significant health risks in Africa due to its ability to evade immunity through VSG changes, while its unique ATP synthase F subunit may be a potential drug target.
- Researchers synthesized graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and studied their adhesion to T. brucei, revealing their ability to enter the parasite and affect its functions through various experimental techniques.
- The study found that GQDs specifically bind to T. brucei's VSG, impair ATP synthase function, induce harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS), and disrupt essential biosynthetic pathways, presenting a promising strategy for developing new anti-trypanosome treatments.
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