The surface acoustic wave velocity has been measured on a-plane (c-propagation) and c-plane oriented bulk aluminum nitride (AlN) single crystals using the S11-parameter method in the frequency range 160-360 MHz. The SAW velocity is 5760 m/s for both orientations. From comparison of this value with the simulations using various elastic constants of AlN available in literature, we estimated the elastic constant C44 to be 122 +/- 1 GPa.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2006.1588412 | DOI Listing |
Sensors (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
Ovarian cancer (OC) must be detected in its early stages when the mortality rate is the lowest to provide patients with the best chance of survival. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a critical OC biomarker since its levels are elevated across all stages and increase with disease progression. This paper presents an LPA assay based on a thickness shear mode acoustic sensor with dissipation monitoring that involves a new thiol molecule 3-(2-mercaptoethanoxy)propanoic acid (HS-MEG-COOH).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
December 2024
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Magnetoelectric (ME) devices combining piezoelectric and magnetostrictive materials have emerged as powerful tools to miniaturize and enhance sensing and communication technologies. This paper examines recent developments in bulk acoustic wave (BAW) and surface acoustic wave (SAW) ME devices, which demonstrate unique capabilities in ultra-sensitive magnetic sensing, compact antennas, and quantum applications. Leveraging the mechanical resonance of BAW and SAW modes, ME sensors achieve the femto- to pico-Tesla sensitivity ideal for biomedical applications, while ME antennas, operating at acoustic resonance, allow significant size reduction, with high radiation gain and efficiency, which is suited for bandwidth-restricted applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A & T State University,1601 E. Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA.
Damage in composite laminates evolves through complex interactions of different failure modes, influenced by load type, environment, and initial damage, such as from transverse impact. This paper investigates damage growth in cross-ply polymeric matrix laminates under tensile load, focusing on three primary failure modes: transverse matrix cracks, delaminations, and fiber breaks in the primary loadbearing 0-degree laminae. Acoustic emission (AE) techniques can monitor and quantify damage in real time, provided the signals from these failure modes can be distinguished.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Yunnan Phosphating Group Co., Ltd, Kunming, 650600, China.
Due to the fluidity of the loose medium inside the waste dump slope, the traditional monitoring system cannot fully reflect the misalignment and slip between particles inside the medium, and it is also difficult to capture the precursor information of the slip of the loose accumulation body. To reveal the dynamic evolution process of the slope instability of the waste dump slope, the coupling test system of the slope instability of the waste dump slope was used to carry out the study of the acoustic emission characteristics of the slope instability dynamic response of the dump slope under the action of vibration, and to quantitatively analyse the staged characteristics of the acoustic emission parameter evolution of the dump slope under the action of different vibration frequencies and its instability initiation node. The results show that with the increase of vibration frequency, the damage mode of the slope model gradually changes from sliding of small particles to large-scale landslides, and presents the stage process of "vibration compaction → vibration equilibrium → dynamic instability"; Under the action of low-frequency and high-amplitude, the slope model mainly shows that the tiny particles and the basement gravel slip, which is difficult to capture with the naked eye, while under the action of high-frequency and low-amplitude, the slope surface is damaged in a large area, and the overall model is unstable; The dynamic instability of the waste dump slope is accompanied by obvious acoustic emission activities, and the changes of the characteristic parameters of acoustic emission reveal, to a certain extent, the evolution of the internal state of the slope in the process of dynamic instability of the waste dump slope and its stage characteristics; The amplitude and energy efficiency of acoustic emission in the time domain show obvious fractal characteristics in the dynamic instability of the waste dump slope.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Foods Hum Nutr
January 2025
Department of Food Plant Chemistry and Processing, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, 10-718, Poland.
Three choline chloride (ChCl)-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a new type of green solvents were used for the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive compounds from Mentha spicata L. DES containing ChCl and malonic acid (MalA) was selected as the most promising, providing a more effective extraction of antioxidants from spearmint. Response surface methodology (RSM) and a Box-Behnken design (BBD) with three variables, ChCl:MalA molar ratio, water content (WC) in DES, and extraction time (t), were implemented for optimizing the extraction conditions.
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