Classical Borna disease (cBD), a non-purulent encephalitis of solipeds and sheep, is endemic in certain areas of central Europe. The etiologic agent is Borna disease virus (BDV), thus far the only member of the family Bornaviridae. Based on epidemiological patterns of cBD and recent phylogenetic findings this review hypothesizes the possible existence of yet unknown BDV reservoir host populations, and analyzes critically BDVs from outside endemic regions.
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Neuropathology, pathomechanism, and transmission in zoonotic Borna disease virus 1 infection: a systematic review.
Lancet Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany; Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. Electronic address:
Borna disease, which is a severe encephalitis that primarily affects horses and sheep, has been recognised for over two centuries. Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) has been identified as a cause of a predominantly fatal encephalitis in humans. Little scientific data exist regarding the virus' transmission, entry portal, and excretion routes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature's defense against emerging neurodegenerative threats: Dynamic simulation, PCA, DCCM identified potential plant-based antiviral lead targeting borna disease virus nucleoprotein.
PLoS One
January 2025
Bioinformatics Laboratory (BioLab), Noakhali, Bangladesh.
The rare zoonotic Borna disease virus (BDV) causes fatal neurological disease in various animals, with a high mortality rate exceeding 90% in central Europe. However, unlike most viruses, it establishes persistent infections within the host cell nucleus, hindering treatment. As successful BDV treatments remain elusive, the researchers turned to a computational approach, utilizing molecular docking, ADME/T, post-docking MMGBSA, MD simulation, DCCM, and PCA to identify promising phytochemical drug candidates targeting the BDV Nucleoprotein (PDB ID: 1N93).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeveloping a universal multi-epitope protein vaccine candidate for enhanced borna virus pandemic preparedness.
Front Immunol
December 2024
School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Introduction: Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) is an emerging zoonotic RNA virus that can cause severe acute encephalitis with high mortality. Currently, there are no effective countermeasures, and the potential risk of a future outbreak requires urgent attention. To address this challenge, the complete genome sequence of BoDV-1 was utilized, and immunoinformatics was applied to identify antigenic peptides suitable for vaccine development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Neuroprotective Effect of the X Protein of Orthobornavirus Bornaense Type 1 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Int J Mol Sci
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Neurocentre Magendie INSERM U1215, Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), early mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to progressive motor neuron loss. Remarkably, the ectopic expression of the Orthobornavirus bornaense type 1 (BoDV-1) X protein in mitochondria blocks apoptosis and protects neurons from degeneration. Therefore, this study examines the neuroprotective effects of X protein in an ALS mouse model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigenetic Targeting for Controlling Persistent Neurotropic Infections Caused by Borna Virus and HIV.
Rev Med Virol
January 2025
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Long-lasting persistence within infected cells is a major challenge for viral pathogens, as it necessitates an exact regulation of viral replication to reduce viral cytopathic effects. This is particularly challenging for viruses that persistently infect cells with limited renewal capabilities, such as neurons. Accordingly, neurotropic viruses have evolved various specific mechanisms to promote a long-lasting persistent infection in the host cells without inducing an exacerbated cytopathic effect.
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