In-vitro mechanical impacts on calves' proximal femurs: significance of mechanical weakening of the femoral head in the etiology of Perthes disease in children.

Experimental research was conducted to determine the effects of mechanical forces on the hip joint in the etiology of Perthes disease in children. The authors aimed to identify areas of lower resistance to mechanical forces in a growing femoral head. Calves' femurs, used as experimental models, were repeatedly subjected to mechanical impacts. The results showed that the areas most susceptible to trauma were the layers of immature bone located underneath the epiphyseal growth zone and underneath the growth plate. The authors conclude that blood vessels in these areas are highly vulnerable to mechanical damage, and the resulting impairment of blood flow to the femoral head leads to the development of Perthes disease in children.