It has become obvious that community care systems for people with developmental disabilities are not fully realizing some of the stated goals toward which they are directed, despite great process. The foundations and processes by which state agencies regulate and whether the regulatory process can be directed to issues affecting the quality of life of people receiving developmental services were explored. Limitations and side effects of regulations were discussed with respect to the unpredictability of long-term effects, problems in measuring compliance, economic rather than social focus, the changing state of knowledge, and special considerations associated with the field of developmental services.
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Mov Disord
January 2025
British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Background: Trinucleotide repeat expansions are an emerging class of genetic variants associated with various movement disorders. Unbiased genome-wide analyses can reveal novel genotype-phenotype associations and provide a diagnosis for patients and families.
Objective: The aim was to identify the genetic cause of a severe progressive movement disorder phenotype in 2 affected brothers.
Environ Health Perspect
January 2025
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common permanent neuromotor disorder diagnosed in childhood. Although most cases have unknown etiology, emerging evidence suggests environmental risk factors of CP.
Objectives: We investigated whether ambient toxic air contaminants (TACs) in the maternal residential area during pregnancy, specifically volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and metals, were associated with offspring CP risk in California.
Cells
January 2025
Cancer and Neurobiology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Clinical Hospital (CPE-HCPA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil.
Changes in epigenetic processes such as histone acetylation are proposed as key events influencing cancer cell function and the initiation and progression of pediatric brain tumors. Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug that acts partially by inhibiting histone deacetylases (HDACs) and could be repurposed as an epigenetic anticancer therapy. Here, we show that VPA reduced medulloblastoma (MB) cell viability and led to cell cycle arrest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Sci
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Background/objectives: A neurobiological framework of bi- or multilingual neurocognitive development must consider the following: (i) longitudinal behavioral and neural measures; (ii) brain developmental constraints across structure and function; and (iii) the development of global multilingual competence in a homogeneous social environment. In this study, we investigated whether multilingual competence yields early changes in executive attention control mechanisms and their underlying neural structures in the frontal-striatal system, such as the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex/pre-supplemental area and the left caudate.
Methods: We employed longitudinal neuroimaging and functional connectivity methods in a small group of multilingual children over two years.
Brain Sci
December 2024
Department of Rehabilitation, Lentis Psychiatric Institute, 9471 KA Zuidlaren, The Netherlands.
Background/objectives: Negative symptoms in schizophrenia spectrum disorders are related to impaired social functioning and lower quality of life, making accurate assessment important. To date, most tools for assessing negative symptoms are observational, which can be influenced by the raters' experience and opinion. Self-rating scales, like the Self-Evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS), could complement observer ratings by adding information from the patient's perspective.
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