Purpose: To measure glucose flux across human, bovine, and porcine corneas and to determine the diffusion coefficient of each type of cornea.
Methods: Diffusion of glucose across human (n = 8), bovine (n = 7), and pig corneas (n = 8) was measured using a modified blind well chamber apparatus (Boyden chamber). Dialysis membranes (n = 7) and nonporous Mylar membranes (n = 7) were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Glucose concentrations were measured at 30-min intervals with a commercially available glucose meter.
Results: The diffusion of glucose through corneas in vitro was calculated by a simple Fickian diffusion model. The diffusion coefficient of glucose is highest for the human cornea (D(HC) = 3.0 +/- 0.2 x 10(-6) cm(2)/s) followed by porcine corneas (D(PC) = 1.8 +/- 0.6 x 10(-6) cm(2)/s) and bovine corneas (D(BC) = 1.6 +/- 0.1 x 10(-6) cm(2)/s) (p < 0.05). The diffusion coefficients of all tested corneas were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of dialysis membrane (D(DM) = 3.4 +/- 0.2 x 10(-7) cm(2)/s).
Conclusion: The glucose diffusion coefficients of human, bovine, and porcine corneas are on the order of 10(-6). Human corneas have higher permeability to glucose than either porcine or bovine corneas.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000090726 | DOI Listing |
Vet Res
January 2025
Animal Health Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
Mycoplasma pneumonia, caused by Mycoplasma bovis (Mycoplasmopsis bovis; M. bovis), is linked with severe inflammatory reactions in the lungs and can be challenging to treat with antibiotics. Biofilms play a significant role in bacterial persistence and contribute to the development of chronic lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn late 2023 an H5N1 lineage of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) began circulating in American dairy cattle Concerningly, high titres of virus were detected in cows' milk, raising the concern that milk could be a route of human infection. Cows' milk is typically pasteurised to render it safe for human consumption, but the effectiveness of pasteurisation on influenza viruses in milk was uncertain. To assess this, here we evaluate heat inactivation in milk for a panel of different influenza viruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReprod Toxicol
January 2025
Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
Cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl]3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate (cypermethrin) is a pyrethroid insecticide that is widely used to repel insects, such as cockroaches and ants. In addition to the target insects, its hazards have been outlined for carp; mice; and the nervous, reproductive, and gastrointestinal systems of humans. However, the effects of cypermethrin on the mammary tissue and milk production in dairy cattle remain unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Soc Mass Spectrom
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China.
A novel ionic liquid MALDI matrix, 3-aminoquinoline/2',4',6'-trihydroxyacetophenone monohydrate (3-AQ/THAP), was developed for the rapid qualitative and quantitative detection of miRNA from biological samples. Compared to the traditional matrix 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) and previously reported oligonucleotide-specific matrices, such as 3-aminopicolinic acid (3-APA), 3-hydroxypicolinic acid (3-HPA), and 6-aza-2-thiothymine (ATT), the 3-AQ/THAP matrix offers several advantages. It produces fewer alkali metal adduct peaks, exhibits higher sensitivity, and ensures better spot-to-spot repeatability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Genom
January 2025
Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Microbial Genome Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
Genomic data on from the African continent are currently lacking, resulting in the region being under-represented in global analyses of infection (CDI) epidemiology. For the first time in Nigeria, we utilized whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic tools to compare isolates from diarrhoeic human patients (=142), livestock (=38), poultry manure (=5) and dogs (=9) in the same geographic area (Makurdi, north-central Nigeria) and relate them to the global population. In addition, selected isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility (=33) and characterized by PCR ribotyping (=53).
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