Background: Exercise training is a known stimulus for arteriogenesis, but it is unclear whether elite athletes, who exhibit increased conduit vessel diameter at rest, experience further structural vascular adaptations as a result of intense exercise training.
Methods: Cross-sectional comparisons were performed between elite rowers (N = 17), following a respite from training, and eight untrained age- and gender-matched controls to assess the effects of long-term exercise on vessel structure. To determine the impact of the resumption of intensive exercise training on conduit artery structure, measures were repeated following 3 and 6 months of training in the athletes; the controls remained inactive. Conduit vessel structure was assessed, using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound, as brachial artery diameter at rest (BADr) and in response to 5-min (BAD5) and 10-min (BAD10) periods of forearm cuff ischemia. Shear rate profiles were also analyzed following cuff deflation at all time points.
Results: At entry, all measures of BAD were greater (all P < 0.05) in the athletes relative to controls (athletes vs controls; BADr 4.47 +/- 0.10 vs 3.84 +/- 0.22 mm; BAD5 4.70 +/- 0.10 vs 4.05 +/- 0.36 mm, and BAD10 4.93 +/- 0.10 vs 4.07 +/- 0.25 mm). Resumption of exercise training caused a further increase in brachial artery diameters in the athletes at 3 months (BADr, 4.71 +/- 0.10 mm, P < 0.01; BAD5 4.94 +/- 0.10 mm, P < 0.05; BAD10 5.12 +/- 0.10 mm, P < 0.001), which were maintained, but not further increased, after 6 months of training.
Conclusions: Athletes exhibit enhanced conduit artery diameters at rest and in response to vasodilator stimuli. Despite this long-term training effect on arterial structure, resumption of training further enhances diameter, an effect that occurs within 3 months.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000181220.03855.1c | DOI Listing |
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal
January 2025
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery International University of Catalonia Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallès CP 08195, Barcelona, Spain
Background: Transverse maxillary deficiency is a relatively common type of malocclusion, that if left untreated will probably affect the permanent dentition. Recent investigations have proposed the use of bone-supported miniscrews around the midpalatal suture to expand the palate in late adolescents. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of the Miniscrew Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) technique in young adult patients, by quantifying skeletal expansion in relation to the age of the patient, as well as the impact upon other craniofacial sutures, and to describe the possible dental side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal
January 2025
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology University of Pernambuco. Av. Gov. Agamenon Magalhães Santo Amaro, Recife - PE, CEP 50100-010, Brazil
Background: Sensory disorders of the inferior alveolar nerve, often arising from dental procedures, markedly impact the quality of life of patients. This article proposes a scoping review to analyze emerging trends in pharmacological treatment for these disorders, addressing scientific gaps and clinical practices.
Material And Methods: The review followed the PRISMA-ScR protocol, conducting data searches across various databases, including PubMed and Cochrane, until March 2024.
Endocrine
January 2025
Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione sulle Patologie Surrenaliche, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy.
Purpose: To compare functional deficits associated to surgery with those caused by the growth of the head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs).
Methods: 72 patients with HNPGLs were included. Patients were divided in group A (49 patients undergoing surgery) and group B (23 patients following a wait and see approach).
Heart Vessels
January 2025
Saitama Sekishinkai Hospital, 2-37-20 Irumagawa, Sayama, Saitama, Japan.
Postinfarction ventricular septal rupture (PIVSR) is a rare but serious complication of acute myocardial infarction. Determining how to conduct surgical repair safely is critical. We compared the outcomes of Impella and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) implantation during perioperative mechanical circulatory support management in patients with PIVSR (n = 22).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Dev Ctries
December 2024
Federal University of São João Del Rei, Dona Lindu Campus, Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho Street, 400, Chanadour, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
Introduction: We assessed the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and associated socio-occupational factors among delivery riders from a Brazilian city at two time points during the pandemic.
Methodology: Surveys for antibody and viral RNA testing were conducted from November 2020 to January 2021, and from March to May 2021 in a group of 117 delivery riders. A questionnaire on socio-occupational characteristics and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preventive measures was completed.
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