We calculate properties of a model of 4He in Vycor using the path integral Monte Carlo method. We find that 4He forms a distinct layered structure with a highly localized first layer, a disordered second layer with some atoms delocalized and able to give rise to the observed superfluid response, and higher layers of nearly perfect crystals. The addition of a single 3He atom was enough to bring down the total superfluidity by blocking the exchange in the second layer. Our results are consistent with the persistent liquid-layer model to explain the observations. Such a model may be relevant to the experiments on bulk solid 4He, if there is a fine network of grain boundaries in those systems.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.185301 | DOI Listing |
Rev Sci Instrum
April 2016
Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
A new method of constructing a superleak assembly for use in experiments involving (4)He or (3)He-(4)He mixtures at very low temperatures is described. Superleaks are made of a porous medium with very small pores and channels. Superleaks are often incorporated in thermomechanical pumps, superfluid magnetic pumps, dilution refrigerators, and superfluid helium transfer systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
June 2012
Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics and the Cornell Center for Materials Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2501, USA.
The low temperature properties of solid (4)He contained in porous Vycor glass have been investigated utilizing a two-mode compound torsional oscillator. At low temperatures, we find period-shift signals for the solid similar to those reported by Kim and Chan [Nature (London) 427, 225 (2004)], which were taken at the time as evidence for a supersolid helium phase. The supersolid is expected to have properties analogous to those of a conventional superfluid, where the superfluid behavior is independent of frequency and the ratio of the superfluid signals observed at two different mode periods will depend only on the ratio of the sensitivities of the mode periods to mass loading.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
October 2009
Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
In the experiment on superfluid transport in solid 4He [Phys. Rev. Lett.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
October 2005
Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
We calculate properties of a model of 4He in Vycor using the path integral Monte Carlo method. We find that 4He forms a distinct layered structure with a highly localized first layer, a disordered second layer with some atoms delocalized and able to give rise to the observed superfluid response, and higher layers of nearly perfect crystals. The addition of a single 3He atom was enough to bring down the total superfluidity by blocking the exchange in the second layer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
July 2005
Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada T6J 2G1.
The recent torsional oscillator results of Kim and Chan suggest a supersolid phase transition in solid 4He confined in Vycor. We have used a capacitive technique to directly monitor density changes for helium confined in Vycor at low temperature and have used a piezoelectrically driven diaphragm to study the pressure-induced flow of solid helium into the Vycor pores. Our measurements showed no indication of a mass redistribution in the Vycor that could mimic supersolid decoupling and put an upper limit of about 0.
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