We present a mode locking (ML) phenomenon of vortex matter observed around the peak effect regime of 2H-NbSe2 pure single crystals. The ML features allow us not only to trace how the shear rigidity of driven vortices persists on approaching the second critical field, but also to demonstrate a dynamic melting transition of driven vortices at a given velocity. We observe the velocity dependent melting signatures in the peak effect regime, which reveal a crossover between the disorder-induced transition at small velocity and the thermally induced transition at large velocity. This uncovers the relationship between the peak effect and the thermal melting.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.177005 | DOI Listing |
Elife
January 2025
School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Recent studies suggest that calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) neurons in the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) represent aversive information and signal a general alarm to the forebrain. If CGRP neurons serve as a true general alarm, their activation would modulate both passive nad active defensive behaviors depending on the magnitude and context of the threat. However, most prior research has focused on the role of CGRP neurons in passive freezing responses, with limited exploration of their involvement in active defensive behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Condens Matter
January 2025
School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, INDIA.
Periodically driven closed quantum systems are expected to eventually heat up to infinite temperature ; reaching a steady state described by a circular orthogonal ensemble (COE). However, such finite driven systems may exhibit sufficiently long prethermal regimes; their properties in these regimes are qualitatively different from that of their corresponding infinite temperature steady states. These, often experimentally relevant, prethermal regimes host a wide range of phenomena; they may exhibit dynamical localization and freezing, host Floquet scars, display signatures of Hilbert space fragmentation, and exhibit time crystalline phases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem B
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States.
Macrocyclization or stapling is an important strategy for increasing the conformational stability and target-binding affinity of peptides and proteins, especially in therapeutic contexts. Atomistic simulations of such stapled peptides and proteins could help rationalize existing experimental data and provide predictive tools for the design of new stapled peptides and proteins. Standard approaches exist for incorporating nonstandard amino acids and functional groups into the force fields required for MD simulations and have been used in the context of stapling for more than a decade.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem B
January 2025
Centre for Lasers & Photonics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India.
Nonideality in a binary solvent mixture is manifested through anomalies in various physical properties like viscosity, dielectric constant, polarity, freezing point, boiling point, and so forth. Sometimes, such anomalies become much more prominent, leading to a synergistic behavior, where the physical property of the mixture is way different from its bulk counterparts. Various alcohols/chlorinated methane binary solvent mixtures show such a synergistic behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, PO BOX 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address:
This study provides insights into nanocellulose production using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate ([Bmim]HSO) as a green solvent, utilizing cellulose derived from date palm waste. Critical hydrolysis parameters were optimized through analysis of variance and response surface methodology. The predicted nanocellulose yield (Y) followed a quadric equation represented by Y=55.
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