Like most Caribbean octocorals, Gorgonia ventalina, the common sea fan, harbors endosymbiotic dinoflagellates belonging to the genus Symbiodinium. When stressed, the host can lose these algal symbionts, a phenomenon termed "bleaching." Many cnidarians host multiple types of algal symbionts within the genus Symbiodinium, and certain types of algae may be more tolerant of stress than others. We examined the effects of temperature, temperature-induced bleaching, and infection by Aspergillus sydowii, a fungal pathogen, on Symbiodinium types harbored by the sea fan Gorgonia ventalina in the Florida Keys. Symbiont type, identified on the basis of variation in small subunit nuclear ribosomal genes or large subunit chloroplast ribosomal genes, did not vary with temperature treatment or infection status. Although allelic variation based on one microsatellite locus was found among samples and reef site, it did not consistently correlate with temperature, treatment, or disease status, suggesting that the symbiont-host relationship is stable. An aberrant PCR product was found in samples collected at one site and could be used to differentiate Symbiodinium populations among sites in the Florida Keys.
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) of toxin-producing microalgae are recurrent in Patagonian fjord systems. Like toxigenic HABs, high-biomass harmful algal blooms (HB-HABs) have important socio-economic repercussions, but most studies have focused on the former. Here we report the formation and development of an intense HB-HAB of Prorocentrum micans that occurred in Northwest Chilean Patagonia in the late summer (February-March) of 2022.
As an important link of mercury (Hg) migration and transformation from land to ocean, rivers have been significantly influenced by anthropogenic activities, resulting in unpredictable environmental influences on the basin and offshore areas. In this study, the particulate Hg content of sediments in Xiaolangdi Reservoir (XLDR), Lijin Hydrological Station, and the Yellow River estuarine area during the water-sediment regulation scheme (WSRS) period in 2018 were analyzed, the characteristics and influencing factors of particulate Hg transport were explored. Our results revealed that the transport flux of particulate Hg into the sea during WSRS was 8.
State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
The giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) is a large coral reef fish distributed in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. With a high market value, this species can grow up to approximately 2.7 meters in length and weigh 440 kilograms.
Accurate estimation of fish stock abundance and exploitability is critical for effective fishery management; however, fishery-dependent data are often affected by temporal and spatial heterogeneities due to the seasonal migration of fish, posing challenges for refined stock management. Previous studies have largely ignored these spatio-temporal dynamics, assuming static populations. This study develops a seasonal spatio-temporal model for Japanese sardine () in the Northwest Pacific Ocean (NPO), using fishery-dependent data from 2014 to 2022.
