AI Article Synopsis
- The study analyzed 99 cases of viper bites in Valais, Switzerland, over 32 years, finding a similar annual incidence of 3 bite cases per 100,000 people as in other European countries.
- Mortality was 0% for adults, while patients were categorized into four groups based on the severity of envenomation, with grade 3 cases showing significant clinical symptoms and blood issues.
- Only patients with severe envenomation (grade 3) require antivenom and intensive treatment, but all bite victims, particularly young children, should be monitored for several hours.
Article Abstract
In a well defined alpine area of Switzerland (Valais, about 300000 inhabitants, tourists included) we studied retrospectively over 32 years, 99 patients bitten by vipers (Vipera aspis, the likely unique species in this area). The annual incidence was estimated at 3/100,000, as in other European countries. The mortality was 0% for the adults. The patients, 72 adults and 17 children (13 years and less), were classified in four groups: grade 0 no envenomation (8%), grade 1 minimal (42%), grade 2 moderate (40%), and grade 3 severe envenomation (10%). The 10 patients of grade 3 showed impressive clinical signs and blood abnormalities, as exemplified by our three most severe cases. Only patients of grade 3 must be treated with antivenom and other intensive treatments, but all patients, even grade 1, especially small children, must be observed for several hours.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.4414/smw.2005.11198 | DOI Listing |
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