AI Article Synopsis
- Preparative HPLC was used to purify a side-fraction that led to the discovery of new yessotoxin analogues.
- Analysis techniques like HPLC-UV, LC-MS3, and NMR spectroscopy identified specific analogues, including 45-hydroxy-46,47-dinoryessotoxin and 44-oxo-45,46,47-trinoryessotoxin.
- The study highlights the presence of multiple yessotoxin analogues in Protoceratium reticulatum extracts, indicating possible oxidative degradation products, with the discovery of compound-1 being a significant first.
Article Abstract
Preparative HPLC purification of a side-fraction obtained during purification of 44,55-dihydroxyyessotoxin (6) afforded fractions containing previously unidentified yessotoxin analogues. Careful analysis of these fractions by HPLC-UV, LC-MS3, and NMR spectroscopy, revealed the identities of some of these analogues as 45-hydroxy-46,47-dinoryessotoxin (1), 44-oxo-45,46,47-trinoryessotoxin (2) and 9-methyl-42,43,44,45,46,47,55-heptanor-38-en-41-oxoyessotoxin (5). Numerous other analogues were present but could only be characterized by HPLC-UV and LC-MS3 due to their low abundance. The HPLC-UV and LC-MS3 data confirm the presence of large numbers of yessotoxin analogues, some of which may be oxidative degradation products, in extracts of Protoceratium reticulatum. Compound-1 is the first 46,47-dinoryessotoxin to be identified.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2005.11.001 | DOI Listing |
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Identification of 45-hydroxy-46,47-dinoryessotoxin, 44-oxo-45,46,47-trinoryessotoxin, and 9-methyl-42,43,44,45,46,47,55-heptanor-38-en-41-oxoyessotoxin, and partial characterization of some minor yessotoxins, from Protoceratium reticulatum.
Toxicon
February 2006
AgResearch Ltd, Department of Toxinology, Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag 3123, East Street, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Article Synopsis
- Preparative HPLC was used to purify a side-fraction that led to the discovery of new yessotoxin analogues.
- Analysis techniques like HPLC-UV, LC-MS3, and NMR spectroscopy identified specific analogues, including 45-hydroxy-46,47-dinoryessotoxin and 44-oxo-45,46,47-trinoryessotoxin.
- The study highlights the presence of multiple yessotoxin analogues in Protoceratium reticulatum extracts, indicating possible oxidative degradation products, with the discovery of compound-1 being a significant first.
Improved high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of domoic acid and analogues in shellfish: effect of pH.
Anal Bioanal Chem
April 2005
Laboratory of Marine Toxins, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile.
Domoic acid (DA) is a naturally-occurring amino acid that causes a form of human intoxication called amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) following the consumption of shellfish. A rapid and sensitive HPLC-UV method has been developed for analysis of DA and analogues in shellfish without the need for SPE clean-up. Isocratic chromatographic separation of DA and its isomers from shellfish matrix interferences and from the prevalent amino acid, tryptophan, was achieved by careful control of the mobile phase pH.
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