The behavior of cells is generally considered to be regulated by environmental factors, but the molecules in the milieu of neural stem cells have been little studied. We found by immunohistochemistry that chondroitin sulfate (CS) existed in the surroundings of nestin-positive cells or neural stem/progenitor cells in the rat ventricular zone of the telencephalon at embryonic day 14. Brain-specific chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), including neurocan, phosphacan/receptor-type protein-tyrosine phosphatase beta, and neuroglycan C, were detected in the ventricular zone. Neurospheres formed by cells from the fetal telencephalon also expressed these CSPGs and NG2 proteoglycan. To examine the structural features and functions of CS polysaccharides in the milieu of neural stem cells, we isolated and purified CS from embryonic day 14 telencephalons. The CS preparation consisted of two fractions differing in size and extent of sulfation: small CS polysaccharides with low sulfation and large CS polysaccharides with high sulfation. Interestingly, both CS polysaccharides and commercial preparations of dermatan sulfate CS-B and an E-type of highly sulfated CS promoted the fibroblast growth factor-2-mediated proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells. None of these CS preparations promoted the epidermal growth factor-mediated neural stem cell proliferation. These results suggest that these CSPGs are involved in the proliferation of neural stem cells as a group of cell microenvironmental factors.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M507130200 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Automatic segmentation of white matter lesions on multi-parametric MRI: convolutional neural network versus vision transformer.
BMC Neurol
January 2025
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung Dist, Kaohsiung, 83305, Taiwan.
Background And Purpose: White matter hyperintensities in brain MRI are key indicators of various neurological conditions, and their accurate segmentation is essential for assessing disease progression. This study aims to evaluate the performance of a 3D convolutional neural network and a 3D Transformer-based model for white matter hyperintensities segmentation, focusing on their efficacy with limited datasets and similar computational resources.
Materials And Methods: We implemented a convolution-based model (3D ResNet-50 U-Net with spatial and channel squeeze & excitation) and a Transformer-based model (3D Swin Transformer with a convolutional stem).
Vimentin Inhibits Neuronal Apoptosis After Spinal Cord Injury by Enhancing Autophagy.
CNS Neurosci Ther
January 2025
Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, the First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
Aims: Neuron death is caused primarily by apoptosis after spinal cord injury (SCI). Autophagy, as a cellular response, can maintain cellular homeostasis to reduce apoptosis. We aimed to investigate the effect and the mechanism of vimentin knockdown on autophagy and neural recovery after SCI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfiltrating plasma cells maintain glioblastoma stem cells through IgG-Tumor binding.
Cancer Cell
December 2024
National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Antibody Techniques, Department of Cell Biology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, China; Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China. Electronic address:
Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor with glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) enforcing the intra-tumoral hierarchy. Plasma cells (PCs) are critical effectors of the B-lineage immune system, but their roles in glioblastoma remain largely unexplored. Here, we leverage single-cell RNA and B cell receptor sequencing of tumor-infiltrating B-lineage cells and reveal that PCs are aberrantly enriched in the glioblastoma-infiltrating B-lineage population, experience low level of somatic hypermutation, and are associated with poor prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA NOTCH3 pathogenic variant influences osteogenesis and can be targeted by antisense oligonucleotides in induced pluripotent stem cells.
PLoS One
January 2025
Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, United States of America.
Lateral Meningocele Syndrome (LMS), a disorder associated with NOTCH3 pathogenic variants, presents with neurological, craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities. Mouse models of the disease exhibit osteopenia that is ameliorated by the administration of Notch3 antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) targeting either Notch3 or the Notch3 mutation. To determine the consequences of LMS pathogenic variants in human cells and whether they can be targeted by ASOs, induced pluripotent NCRM1 and NCRM5 stem (iPS) cells harboring a NOTCH36692-93insC insertion were created.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaternal phthalates exposure promotes neural stem cell differentiation into phagocytic astrocytes and synapse engulfment via IRE1α/XBP1s pathway.
Cell Rep
January 2025
Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200031, China. Electronic address:
Humans are widely exposed to phthalates, a common chemical plasticizer. Previous cohort studies have revealed that maternal exposure to monobutyl phthalate (MBP), a key metabolite of phthalates, is associated with neurodevelopmental defects. However, the molecular mechanism remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!