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Predicting extubation failure in neonates: The role of lung ultrasound and corrected gestational age in safe weaning in the NICU.
Eur J Pediatr
January 2025
Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Silva Jardim 1155 # 701, Porto Alegre, RS, 90450-071, Brazil.
Unlabelled: To evaluate the accuracy of the lung ultrasound score (LUS) in predicting ventilatory weaning failure during neonatal hospitalization in the NICU and to identify factors associated with weaning failure, including corrected gestational age (CGA). This prospective, longitudinal, pragmatic and observational cohort study included neonates on mechanical ventilation for at least 48 h. The primary outcome was the accuracy of lung ultrasound in predicting 3-day weaning failure, with the ROC curve used to determine the best LUS cutoff (sensitivity and specificity).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrenatal inflammation impairs early CD11c-positive microglia induction and delays myelination in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Commun Biol
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
Histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) is a form of maternal immune activation (MIA) linked to an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring. Our previous study identified neurodevelopmental impairments in an MIA mouse model mimicking HCA. Thus, this study investigated the role of CD11c microglia, key contributors to myelination through IGF-1 production, in this pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopmental Trajectories and Differences in Functional Brain Network Properties of Preterm and At-Term Neonates.
Hum Brain Mapp
January 2025
Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico.
Premature infants, born before 37 weeks of gestation can have alterations in neurodevelopment and cognition, even when no anatomical lesions are evident. Resting-state functional neuroimaging of naturally sleeping babies has shown altered connectivity patterns, but there is limited evidence on the developmental trajectories of functional organization in preterm neonates. By using a large dataset from the developing Human Connectome Project, we explored the differences in graph theory properties between at-term (n = 332) and preterm (n = 115) neonates at term-equivalent age, considering the age subgroups proposed by the World Health Organization for premature birth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of the thymus in fetuses prior to spontaneous preterm birth using functional MRI.
Early Hum Dev
January 2025
Department of Women and Children's Health, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Perinatal Imaging, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, UK.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to utilise T2* relaxometry (an indirect method of quantifying tissue oxygenation) to assess the fetal thymus in uncomplicated pregnancies throughout gestation and in a cohort of fetuses that subsequently deliver very preterm.
Methods: A control group of participants with low-risk pregnancies were recruited and retrospectively excluded if they developed any pregnancy related complications after scanning. Participants were recruited who were deemed to be at very high risk of delivery prior to 32 weeks' gestation and retrospectively excluded if they did not deliver prior to this gestation.
Ileo-ileal intussusception and necrotising enterocolitis after indomethacin exposure masquerading clinically as solitary intestinal perforation.
BMJ Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.
We report a case of small bowel perforation from ileo-ileal intussusception with necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) after indomethacin exposure mimicking spontaneous intestinal perforation in an extremely preterm neonate. Indomethacin exposure can cause mesenteric hypoperfusion, resulting in an ischaemic lead point for intussusception and NEC. We advocate that intussusception should be considered as one of the differentials for neonates with recurrent feeding intolerance postindomethacin exposure.
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