There are considerably fewer randomized controlled trials investigating hemodialysis (HD) than other fields of internal medicine, and no significant improvements have been observed over time. Only the National Cooperative Dialysis Study and the HEMO trial were based on hard endpoints such as morbidity and mortality, but neither considered on-line hemodiafiltration or super-flux membranes, which are thought to provide a number of advantages in terms of the cardiovascular condition of uremic patients. However, results of well-designed clinical trials showing that increasing convection may improve the clinical outcome of HD patients are still lacking. The need for maximizing removal of uremic toxins calls for more frequent HD sessions, but this may be affected by many organizational problems. Therefore, well-designed, long-term clinical trials are urgently needed to investigate which currently available therapeutic instruments can improve the clinical outcome of uremic patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000089441 | DOI Listing |
BMC Nephrol
January 2025
Department of Nephrology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Background: Calcification of the radial artery is one of the main causes of anastomotic stenosis in autogenous arteriovenous fistulas in uremic patients. However, the pathogenesis of calcification is still unknown. This study attempted to screen and validate the risk factors for vascular calcification in patients with uremia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTurk Kardiyol Dern Ars
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Basaksehir, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Objective: Although left ventricular hypertrophy frequently accompanies end-stage renal disease, heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (EF) is also observed in a subset of patients. In those patients kidney transplantation (KT) is generally avoided due to an increased risk of mortality in addition to the risks associated with HF. This prospective study was designed to follow patients with HF who were being prepared for KT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostics (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
The gut-kidney axis represents the complex interactions between the gut microbiota and kidney, which significantly impact the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and overall patient health. In CKD patients, imbalances in the gut microbiota promote the production of uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate, which impair renal function and contribute to systemic inflammation. Mechanisms like endotoxemia, immune activation and oxidative stress worsen renal damage by activating pro-inflammatory and oxidative pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The optimal timing for initiating dialysis and prognostic markers in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are under debate, with mortality and cardiovascular risks varying among patients. This study investigates whether the apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM), which is mostly bound to pentameric IgM, could serve as an effective indicator.
Methods: We prospectively followed 423 patients at dialysis initiation and 563 at various CKD stages.
Medicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China.
Rationale: Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA) caused by malignant hypertension is an acute and critical disease among rare diseases. Although renal biopsy pathology is a golden indicator for diagnosing kidney disease, it cannot distinguish between primary and secondary TMA and requires a comprehensive diagnosis in conjunction with other laboratory tests and medical history.
Patient Concerns: A 33-year-old young man was hospitalized due to unexplained kidney failure.
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