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Super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) is defined as status epilepticus that persists or recurs after treatment with anesthetic agents for more than 24 hours, including cases with recurrent seizures on reduction or withdrawal of anesthetic drugs. Super-refractory status epilepticus presents a significant challenge for neurologists, particularly when standard treatments fail to achieve seizure control. Lacosamide, which has a unique mechanism involving modulating voltage-gated sodium channels by enhancing their slow inactivation, has emerged as a potential option for managing SRSE.

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Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) are specific types of anticonvulsants used to treat epileptic seizures. However, several studies have shown an association between ASMs and an increased risk of hematological disorders, such as thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, and platelet function disorders leading to prolonged bleeding times. This review explores the existing literature on this topic, investigating a wide variety of ASMs, ranging from first-generation medications to newer ones.

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Background: Ampicillin/sulbactam (ABPC/ SBT) is one of the most common β-lactam antibiotics for patients with status epilepticus complicated with aspiration pneumonia. It is known that β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin aggravate epileptic seizures or status epilepticus. Here, we investigated whether ABPC/SBT aggravates seizures using electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring.

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Age-related impact of phenobarbital in suppressing prenatal alcohol exposure-related seizures in developing rats.

Alcohol

December 2024

Howard University College of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Washington, DC 20059, United States. Electronic address:

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) during pregnancy can increase the prevalence of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCSs) in developing rats. However, it is unclear whether phenobarbital (PB) can suppress these PAE-related seizures. To explore this knowledge gap, we investigated the effects of acute PB treatment on NMDA-induced seizures in postpartum rats, prenatally exposed to alcohol on gestational day 18 (GD18), at two developmental stages: day 7 (P7), the equivalent of pre-term neonates, and day 15 (P15), the equivalent of full-term neonates.

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Objective: In onchocerciasis-endemic areas, limited access to antiseizure medications (ASMs) contributes to a high epilepsy burden. This study evaluated the impact of a community-based epilepsy care program in Mahenge, Tanzania, an onchocerciasis-endemic area with high epilepsy prevalence.

Methods: A baseline survey (2017-2018) identified persons with epilepsy (PWE) in four rural villages.

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