Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
Published: February 2006
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Lufenuron is a benzoylphenyl urea-derived insecticide that has been recently introduced as a novel treatment for fungal infections in horses. The purposes of this study were to determine (1) the in vitro efficacy of lufenuron against Aspergillus and Fusarium spp. and (2) the ability of lufenuron to reach efficacious blood concentrations after PO administration in horses. Fungal colonies isolated from diseased equine corneas were tested against lufenuron solutions up to 700 microg/mL. Twenty-one adult horses received 1 of 3 PO lufenuron treatment regimens: 5 mg/kg body weight (BW) q24h for 3 days, 20 mg/kg BW q24h for 3 days, or 60 mg/ kg BW q24h for 1 day. Blood samples were collected up to 96 hours after drug administration and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Statistical analyses of lufenuron blood concentrations were performed by analysis of variance and Fischer's Least Significant Difference test, with statistical significance set at P < .05. Lufenuron showed no effect on the in vitro growth of Aspergillus or Fusarium spp. Lufenuron was detected in the blood of all but 1 horse and showed no adverse effects. The maximum blood lufenuron concentration (83.5 +/- 58.7 microg/L) was lower than the concentrations proven to be ineffective in vitro in this study. Further therapeutic use of lufenuron as an antifungal agent in horses should be based on proven efficacy against specific strains of clinically relevant fungi with pharmacokinetic data demonstrating sufficient lufenuron concentrations in target tissues.
Departamento de Agronomia-Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois irmãos, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil.
The diamondback moth (DBM), is the main pest of Brassicas crops worldwide, and its recorded resistance to 101 active ingredients indicates it is difficult to control. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that has fitness costs associated with its resistance to lufenuron, a chitin-synthesis inhibitor insecticide. Thus, concentration-mortality bioassays were performed for susceptible (REC-S), resistant (BZR-R) populations, their progenies F1 and F1', and one established population without selection pressure (BZR-Rns) after four generations.
Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
In insects, the juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) pathways jointly regulate fecundity, but only methyl farnesoate (MF) and ponasterone A exist in mites. Comparative transcriptomic analysis in Panonychus citri showed that E75B was significantly downregulated when exposed to lufenuron. Knockdown of E75B significantly affects the expression of vitellogenin (Vg), Fushi tarazu factor 1 (Ftz-f1) and juvenile hormone acid O-methyltransferase (JHAMT), reducing fecundity in mites.
The use of Lufenuron 50-EC pesticide in oil palm crops affects water quality and aquatic life. This study investigated the adsorption of Lufenuron 50-EC from an aqueous solution using activated carbon derived from oil palm shells (OPSs). Activated carbon (AC) was prepared through physical and chemical activation processes in carbon dioxide environments, using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a chemical activating agent.
In this study, we developed and validated a multiresidue analytical method for the simultaneous detection of 24 pesticides in fishery products. Using the EN15662 extraction method and C as the adsorbent for purification, the validation results complied with Codex guidelines, achieving recovery rates between 70% and 120% and relative standard deviation values (%RSD) within 20%, indicating excellent performance. The limit of detection ranged from 0.
