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a data augmentation strategy to narrow the robustness gap between expert radiologists and deep learning classifiers.
Front Radiol
December 2024
Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Purpose: Successful performance of deep learning models for medical image analysis is highly dependent on the quality of the images being analysed. Factors like differences in imaging equipment and calibration, as well as patient-specific factors such as movements or biological variability (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe influence of intentions on dream content.
Sleep Adv
November 2024
Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Study Objectives: The "Zeigarnik effect" refers to the phenomenon where future intentions are remembered effectively only as long as they are not executed. This study investigates whether these intentions, which remain active during sleep, influence dream content.
Methods: After an adaptation night, each of the 19 participants (10 women and 9 men) received three different task plans in the evening before the experimental night, each describing how to perform specific tasks.
Then, We Lost Everything:' Afghan Refugee Mental Health Challenges Post-2021 Evacuation.
J Immigr Minor Health
January 2025
Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs and the School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, USA.
The clinical use of dream content in modern psychiatry.
Australas Psychiatry
January 2025
Inner South Mental Health Service, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.
Objective: Though there is a rich psychoanalytic tradition investigating the content and phenomenology of dreams, the clinical use of this has fallen into widespread disuse. We have undertaken a narrative review of the clinical significance and utility of dream content.
Findings: Dream content may have useful clinical and prognostic value in a number of neurological and psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder, temporal lobe epilepsy, REM sleep behaviour disorder, dementia, the culture-bound syndrome of Latah, and substance use.
Effects of ketamine and propofol on muscarinic plateau potentials in rat neocortical pyramidal cells.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Molecular Medicine, Brain Signalling Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Section for Physiology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Propofol and ketamine are widely used general anaesthetics, but have different effects on consciousness: propofol gives a deeply unconscious state, with little or no dream reports, whereas vivid dreams are often reported after ketamine anaesthesia. Ketamine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, while propofol is a γ-aminobutyric-acid (GABAA) receptor positive allosteric modulator, but these mechanisms do not fully explain how these drugs alter consciousness. Most previous in vitro studies of cellular mechanisms of anaesthetics have used brain slices or neurons in a nearly "comatose" state, because no "arousing" neuromodulators were added.
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