Introduction: Infectious aortitis remains a rare disease. It is characterized by an endarteritis of infectious origin generally followed by the development of a so called mycotic aneurysm. Those infectious aneurysms account for 0.5 to 1.3% of all aortic aneurysms. Of the infectious agents, Treponema pallidum has a particular place. Cardiovascular syphilitic infection was very common at the beginning of the XX(th) century with a prevalence of 6.9% of all autopsies. In 1950-1960, the prevalence had decreased to less than 1%. Since 1990, syphilis was considered as disappeared.
Exegesis: we report syphilitic aortitis in four patients. Diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis are detailed.
Conclusion: A syphilitic infection of the aorta should be looked for in every patient suffering from an inflammatory or infectious disease of aorta.
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Article Synopsis
- Venereal syphilis, caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum, can escalate to serious complications like tertiary syphilis, which affects the heart decades after the initial infection.
- A case study highlights a 46-year-old woman who developed life-threatening cardiac issues, including an ascending aortic aneurysm and severe aortic valve damage, due to untreated late-stage syphilis.
- She underwent surgery to repair her aorta and replace the damaged valve, receiving antibiotics and intensive care; her recovery was satisfactory with no complications reported three months later.
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