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Utilizing Martian samples for future planetary exploration-Characterizing hazards and resources.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Division of Space, Ecological, Arctic, and Resource-limited (SPEAR) Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.
One of the most surprising and important findings of the first human landings on the Moon was the discovery of a very fine layer of lunar dust covering the entire surface of Moon along with the negative impacts of this dust on the well-being and operational effectiveness of the astronauts, their equipment, and instrumentation. The United States is now planning for human missions to Mars, a planet where dust can also be expected to be ubiquitous for many or most landing sites. For these missions, the design and operations of key hardware systems must take this dust into account, especially when related to crew health and safety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of AhR-mediated potency in sediments from Kongsfjorden, Svalbard: Application of effect-directed analysis and nontarget screening.
Chemosphere
November 2024
Department of Earth, Environmental & Space Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- This study focused on identifying major aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists found in surface sediments from Kongsfjorden, Arctic Svalbard, particularly near abandoned coal mines.
- High levels of AhR activity were detected, especially in sediments from sites S2 and S3, with significant amounts of various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present.
- Findings revealed that around 24 specific AhR agonists contributed significantly to the observed toxic potential, with many being identified as coal-derived substances, emphasizing the need for more research on the ecological impacts of these contaminants.
Vertical bedrock shifts reveal summer water storage in Greenland ice sheet.
Nature
November 2024
Department of Geology and Geophysics, College of Mines and Earth Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
The Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) is at present the largest single contributor to global-mass-induced sea-level rise, primarily because of Arctic amplification on an increasingly warmer Earth. However, the processes of englacial water accumulation, storage and ultimate release remain poorly constrained. Here we show that a noticeable amount of the summertime meltwater mass is temporally buffered along the entire GrIS periphery, peaking in July and gradually reducing thereafter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring micropollutants in polar environments based on non-target analysis using LC-HRMS.
Mar Pollut Bull
December 2024
Department of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do 51140, Republic of Korea; School of Smart and Green Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do 51140, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
The routine use of chemicals in polar regions contributes to unexpected occurrence of micropollutants, with sewage discharge as a prominent pollution source. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify micropollutants in polar environments near potential point sources using non-target analysis (NTA) with liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. Seawater samples were collected from Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard and Marian Cove, King George Island, in 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrimary Sulfate Is the Dominant Source of Particulate Sulfate during Winter in Fairbanks, Alaska.
ACS EST Air
March 2024
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
Within and surrounding high-latitude cities, poor air quality disturbs Arctic ecosystems, influences the climate, and harms human health. The Fairbanks North Star Borough has wintertime particulate matter (PM) concentrations that exceed the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) threshold for public health. Particulate sulfate (SO ) is the most abundant inorganic species and contributes approximately 20% of the total PM mass in Fairbanks, but air quality models underestimate observed sulfate concentrations.
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