A time line of important research relating to anoxygenic photosynthetic organisms is presented. The time line includes discoveries of organisms, metabolic capabilities, molecular complexes and genetic systems. It also pinpoints important milestones in our understanding of the structure, function, organization, assembly and regulation of photosynthetic complexes.
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Ionic-liquid-supported copper-promoted synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazoles.
Org Biomol Chem
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Rabindranath Tagore University, Hojai 782435, Assam, India.
The synthesis of triazoles plays an important role in drug discovery research. 1,2,4-triazoles are considered significant scaffolds among several bioactive heterocycles due to their extensive use in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical sectors. Consequently, the importance of the synthesis of 1,2,4-triazoles a sustainable method has increased.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNovel clinical trial designs emerging from the molecular reclassification of cancer.
CA Cancer J Clin
January 2025
Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Next-generation sequencing has revealed the disruptive reality that advanced/metastatic cancers have complex and individually distinct genomic landscapes, necessitating a rethinking of treatment strategies and clinical trial designs. Indeed, the molecular reclassification of cancer suggests that it is the molecular underpinnings of the disease, rather than the tissue of origin, that mostly drives outcomes. Consequently, oncology clinical trials have evolved from standard phase 1, 2, and 3 tissue-specific studies; to tissue-specific, biomarker-driven trials; to tissue-agnostic trials untethered from histology (all drug-centered designs); and, ultimately, to patient-centered, N-of-1 precision medicine studies in which each patient receives a personalized, biomarker-matched therapy/combination of drugs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTWEAK/Fn14 axis may promote vascular smooth muscle cell senescence via p38 signaling pathway: preliminary evidence.
Future Sci OA
December 2025
Department of Gerontology, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Aim: The primary objective of this study is to investigate the impact of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its functional receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), on the process of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) senescence.
Methods: Rat arterial VSMCs were cultured with angiotensin II to establish a model of premature senescence. The effects of TWEAK and Fn14 on senescent VSMCs were evaluated.
Single Cell-Pair Proteomics for Decoding Immune-Cancer Cell Interactions.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
The efficacy of cancer immunotherapy is significantly influenced by the heterogeneity of individual tumors and immune responses. To investigate this phenomenon, a microfluidic platform is constructed for profiling immune-cancer cell interactions at the single-cell proteomics level for the first time. Based on the platform, a comprehensive workflow is proposed for achieving accurate single-cell pairing of an immune cell and a cancer cell with low cell damage and high success rate up to 95%, cell pair co-culture, and real-time microscopic monitoring of the cell-pair interactions, cell pair retrieval, mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of singe cell pairs, and decoupling of the proteomic information for each cell within the cell pair with the stable-isotope labeling method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe importance of preclinical models for cholangiocarcinoma drug discovery.
Expert Opin Drug Discov
January 2025
Center of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Introduction: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) comprises a clinically diverse and genetically heterogeneous group of tumors along the intra- and extrahepatic biliary system (intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma) and gallbladder cancer with the common feature of a poor prognosis, despite increasing molecular knowledge of associated genetic aberrations and possible targeted therapies. Therefore, the search for even more precise and individualized therapies is ongoing and preclinical tumor models are central to the development of such new approaches.
Areas Covered: The models described in the current review include simple and advanced in vitro and in vivo models, including cell lines, 2D monolayer, spheroid and organoid cultures, 3D bioprinting, patient-derived xenografts, and more recently, machine-perfusion platform-based models of resected liver specimens.
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