We report the formation of microscopic patterns of substrate-supported, 3D planar colloidal crystals using physical confinement in conjunction with surfaces displaying predetermined binary patterns of hydropholicity. The formation process involves a primary self-assembly wherein nano- and microscale colloids order into a photonic fcc lattice via capillary interactions followed by a secondary template-induced crystal cleavage step. Following this method, arbitrary arrays of pattern elements, which preserve structural and orientational properties of the parent crystal, can be easily obtained.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la0521692 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.
The hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) is thought to orthogonalize inputs from the entorhinal cortex (pattern separation) and relay this information to the CA3 region. In turn, attractor dynamics in CA3 perform a pattern completion or error correction operation before sending its output to CA1. In a mouse model of congenital hypoplasia of the DG, a deficiency in the (Wls) gene, specifically in cells expressing , which targets neuronal progenitors, led to an almost total absence of dentate granule cells and modestly impaired performance in spatial tasks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Courant Institute for Mathematical Sciences and Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10012.
Accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis depends on proper connections of sister chromatids, through microtubules, to the opposite poles of the early mitotic spindle. Transiently, many inaccurate connections are formed and rapidly corrected throughout the mitotic stages, but a small number of merotelic connections, in which a chromatid is connected to both spindle poles, remain lagging at the spindle's equator in anaphase. Most of the lagging chromatids are eventually moved to one or the other pole, likely by a combination of microtubules' turnover and the brute force of pulling by the microtubules' majority from the one pole against the microtubules' minority from the other pole.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
The border line between Bulgaria and Romania was established a century ago on the Danube River's thalweg, going around islands. Over time, islands migrated; to avoid conflicts, islands located on the border line are declared neutral territory by both countries and they exit from use. In this context, the paper aims to draw conclusions on the spatial dynamics of the Danube River's sandy islands along the Bulgaria-Romania border.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
J Chem Inf Model
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
Water dynamics are investigated in binary osmolyte-water mixtures, exhibiting a microscopic heterogeneity driven by molecular aggregation, on the basis of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies. The protecting osmolyte TMAO molecules in solution are evenly dispersed without the formation of noticeable osmolyte aggregates, while the denaturant TMU molecules aggregate readily, generating microscopic heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of component molecules in TMU-water mixtures. A combined study of MD simulation with graph theoretical analysis and spatial inhomogeneity measurement with -values in the two osmolyte solutions revealed that the translational and rotational motions of water in the microheterogeneous environment of TMU-water mixtures are less hindered than those in the homogeneous media of TMAO-water mixtures.
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