We evaluated the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy for 29 patients with 36 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) nodules and 16 patients with 38 metastatic hepatic nodules. The mean tumor size was 26.4 mm. The primary lesions of patients with metastatic liver tumors were 9 colon cancer, 2 rectal cancer, 2 breast cancer, 2 gastric cancer, and 1 esophageal cancer. All nodules were treated using a Cool-tip RFA system. US-guided RFA was performed for 44 nodules, CT-guided RFA for 24 nodules, and intra-operative US-guided RFA for 6 nodules. In a mean observation period of 13.5 months, the mean complete ablation rate and the mean distant recurrence rate were 83.3% and 30.6% for HCC and 65.8% and 31.6% for metastatic nodules, respectively. The mean complete ablation rate of HCC was significantly higher than that of metastatic nodules (p < 0.05). The mean complete ablation rates of both HCC and metastatic hepatic nodules 3 cm or smaller in diameter were significantly higher than those of both tumors larger than 3 cm in diameter (p < 0.05). The mean distant recurrence rate of HCC in patients who have multiple nodules was 62.5% and it was significantly higher than that in patients who have a single nodule (28.6%) (p < 0.05). The mean complete ablation rate of metastatic nodules by intra-operative US guided RFA was 100% and it was statistically higher than that by other image guided RFA (p < 0.05).
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