Obtaining urine for culture from non-potty-trained children.

The accurate diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) in young children is important for initial management and the prevention of long-term damage to the developing kidney. Various methods are used for urine collection from the non-potty-trained age group, including catheterisation, suprapubic aspiration, clean-catch sampling, adhesive bag sampling and urine collection pads. Research literature was examined to identify which method is most effective. The themes that evolved from the review were parents' and nurses' views on ease of use, reliability of sample obtained and cost-effectiveness. Although not the most convenient method, clean-catch gives more reliable results making it also the most cost effective approach. Change management strategies are required to overcome barriers to research implementation and to ensure best practice.