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Chemical modification of SWNT alters in vitro cell-SWNT interactions. | LitMetric

Chemical modification of SWNT alters in vitro cell-SWNT interactions.

J Biomed Mater Res A

School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, and University of Oklahoma Bioengineering Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019-1004, USA.

Published: March 2006

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) are gaining attention for their impressive mechanical and electrical properties, making them potential materials for biomedical applications like tissue engineering.
  • - The study examined how different preparations of SWNT (as purchased, purified, and functionalized) affected cell viability and metabolic activity in lab conditions, revealing that higher concentrations usually decreased cell health, with varying effects based on the preparation type.
  • - Negative impacts on cells may stem from various factors, including cell membrane destabilization, toxic contaminants, and aggregation of SWNT, but these issues could be mitigated by better purification and modifying the nanotube surface chemistry.

Article Abstract

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) have been the focus of considerable attention as a material with extraordinary mechanical and electrical properties. SWNT have been proposed in a number of biomedical applications, including neural, bone, and dental tissue engineering. In these applications, it is clear that surrounding tissues will come into surface contact with SWNT composites, and compatibility between SWNT and host cells must be addressed. This investigation describes the gross physical and chemical effects of different SWNT preparations on in vitro cell viability and metabolic activity. Three different SWNT preparations were analyzed: as purchased (AP-NT), purified (PUR-NT), and functionalized with glucosamine (GA-NT), over concentrations of 0.001-1.0% (wt/vol). With the exception of the lowest SWNT concentrations, increasing concentrations of SWNT resulted in a decrease of cell viability, which was dependent on SWNT preparation. The metabolic activity of 3T3 cells was also dependent on SWNT preparation and concentration. These investigations have shown that these SWNT preparations have significant effects on in vitro cellular function that cannot be attributed to one factor alone, but are more likely the result of several unfavorable interactions. Effects, such as destabilizing the cell membrane, soluble toxic contaminants, and limitations in mass transfer as the SWNT coalesce into sheets, may all play a role in these interactions. Using comprehensive purification processes and modifying the NT-surface chemistry to introduce functional groups or reduce hydrophobicity or both, these interactions can be significantly improved.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.30577DOI Listing

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