The structure of the Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes of rats at different periods after polychemotherapy was investigated by light microscopy. After the use of antitumor drugs the number of the blasts and mytoses in the lymphoid follicles with the mesenteric lymph node bright centres and in the Peyer's patch follicles lowered, that along with the decrease of the size of the mantle zone in the lymph node follicles and the decrease of the area of the bright centres in the follicles of the lympoid formations in the intestinal wall was evident of the proliferation inhibition and B cells differentiation in the lymphoid organs. After the polychemotherapy the size of the germinative centres of the Payer's patch follicles decreased while the size of the mantle zone remained unchanged. The size of the mantle zone in the follicles of the mesenteric lymph nodes decreased while the size of the germinative centres did not change. The different responses of the lymphoid organs could be associated with some remote location of the lymph nodes with respect to the antigen source (damaged epithelium and intestinal lumen contents).
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