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Introduction: Dozens of vaccines have been approved or authorized internationally in response to the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, covering a range of modalities and routes of delivery. For example, mucosal delivery of vaccines via the intranasal (i.n.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeting inerleukin-6 for renoprotection.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Sterile inflammation has been increasingly recognized as a hallmark of non-infectious kidney diseases. Induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in injured kidney tissue promotes infiltration of immune cells serving to clear cell debris and facilitate tissue repair. However, excessive or prolonged inflammatory response has been associated with immune-mediated tissue damage, nephron loss, and development of renal fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtocol for flow cytometry immunophenotyping of human antigen-specific T cells by activation-induced marker and Th1 cytokine detection.
STAR Protoc
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy. Electronic address:
Flow cytometry characterization of antigen-specific polyfunctional T cells is a valuable tool to study adaptive immunity. Here, we present a protocol for flow cytometry immunophenotyping of human antigen-specific T cells by activation-induced marker (AIM) and Th1 cytokine detection. We describe steps for preparing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for stimulation followed by washing and staining PBMCs for flow cytometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMiRNA-34a, miRNA-145, and miRNA-222 Expression, Matrix Metalloproteinases, TNF-α and VEGF in Patients with Different Phenotypes of Coronary Artery Disease.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Hospital Therapy No 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia.
The development of different phenotypes of coronary artery (CA) lesions is regulated via many various factors, such as pro-inflammatory agents, zinc-dependent endopeptidases, growth factors and circulating microRNAs (miRs). To evaluate the expression levels of miR-34a, miR-145 and miR-222, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -9, -13 and -14) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with different phenotypes of coronary artery disease (CAD): ischemia/angina with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA/ANOCA) and obstructive CAD (oCAD) compared with a control group. This cross-sectional observational study included 157 subjects with a verified CAD diagnosis (51 patients with INOCA, 76 patients with oCAD and 30 healthy volunteers).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegulation of human interferon signaling by transposon exonization.
Cell
December 2024
BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Crnic Institute Boulder Branch, BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA. Electronic address:
Innate immune signaling is essential for clearing pathogens and damaged cells and must be tightly regulated to avoid excessive inflammation or autoimmunity. Here, we found that the alternative splicing of exons derived from transposable elements is a key mechanism controlling immune signaling in human cells. By analyzing long-read transcriptome datasets, we identified numerous transposon exonization events predicted to generate functional protein variants of immune genes, including the type I interferon receptor IFNAR2.
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