The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) on telomerase activity in a panel of human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cell lines. Addition of TGF-beta1 decreased the telomerase activity in HTh 74 and KTC-1 cells, while in C 643 and HTh 7 an increased activity was observed. The decreased telomerase activity appeared to be due to transcriptional repression of the hTERT promoter. Addition of a PI-3 kinase inhibitor (LY294002) abrogated the stimulatory effect of TGF-beta1 on the telomerase activity, indicating the possible involvement of hTERT activation via phosphorylation. Furthermore, the MEK-inhibitor U0126 had similar effects suggesting dual regulatory mechanisms. Interestingly, the cell lines differed genetically in that ATC cell lines responding with increased telomerase activity harbored a p53 mutation. In conclusion, TGF-beta1 exerts opposing effects on telomerase activity in ATC cell lines, possibly reflecting deregulation of TGF-beta1 signaling in a more malignant genotype.
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