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IUPHAR Themed Review: The Gut Microbiome in Schizophrenia.
Pharmacol Res
December 2024
UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. Electronic address:
Gut microbial dysbiosis or altered gut microbial consortium, in schizophrenia suggests a pathogenic role through the gut-brain axis, influencing neuroinflammatory and neurotransmitter pathways critical to psychotic, affective, and cognitive symptoms. Paradoxically, conventional psychotropic interventions may exacerbate this dysbiosis, with antipsychotics, particularly olanzapine, demonstrating profound effects on microbial architecture through disruption of bacterial phyla ratios, diminished taxonomic diversity, and attenuated short-chain fatty acid synthesis. To address these challenges, novel therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiome, encompassing probiotic supplementation, prebiotic compounds, faecal microbiota transplantation, and rationalised co-pharmacotherapy, show promise in attenuating antipsychotic-induced metabolic disruptions while enhancing therapeutic efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroanatomical subtypes of tobacco use disorder and relationship with clinical and molecular features.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China. Electronic address:
Background: Individual neurobiological heterogeneity among patients with tobacco use disorder (TUD) hampers the identification of neuroimaging phenotypes.
Methods: The current study recruited 122 TUD individuals and 57 healthy controls, and obtained their 3D-T1 images. Heterogeneity through discriminative analysis (HYDRA) was applied to uncover the potential subtype of TUD where regional gray matter volume (GMV) was treated as the feature.
The multiple facets of ovarian high grade serous carcinoma: a review on morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular features.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol
December 2024
Pathology Unit, Department of Woman and Child's Health and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Pathology Institute, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy. Electronic address:
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most aggressive subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer and a leading cause of mortality among gynecologic malignancies. This review aims to comprehensively analyze the morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of HGSOC, highlighting its pathogenesis and identifying biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance. Special emphasis is placed on the role of tumor microenvironment (TME) and genomic instability in shaping the tumor's behavior and therapeutic vulnerabilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating MicroRNAs as Diagnostic Tools for Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer: Findings from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol
December 2024
GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Liquid biopsy and Cancer Interception group, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016, Granada, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute IBS-Granada. Avda. de Madrid, 15, 18012, Granada, Spain; Unidad de Patología Mamaria. Servicio de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Universitario San Cecilio. Granada; Integral Oncology Division, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Av. Dr. Olóriz 16, 18012, Granada, Spain; Molecular lab. Unit of Pathological Anatomy. University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves. 18016. Granada, Spain. Electronic address:
Lymph node metastasis (LNM) significantly affects the prognosis and clinical management of breast cancer (BC) patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with LNM in BC and evaluate their potential diagnostic and prognostic value. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases, to assess the role of miRNAs in LNM BC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA postbiotic exopolysaccharide synergizes with Lactobacillus acidophilus to reduce intestinal inflammation in a mouse model of colitis.
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 510006, China. Electronic address:
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease marked by gut inflammation and microbial dysbiosis. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) from probiotic bacteria have been shown to regulate microbial composition and metabolism, but their role in promoting probiotic growth and alleviating inflammation in UC remains unclear. Here, we investigate BLEPS-1, a novel EPS derived from Bifidobacterium longum subsp.
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