Deployment stressors, gender, and mental health outcomes among Gulf War I veterans.

J Trauma Stress

National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA.

Published: April 2005

Findings indicate that war-zone exposure has negative implications for the postdeployment adjustment of veterans; however, most studies have relied on limited conceptualizations of war-zone exposure and focused on male samples. In this study, an array of deployment stressors that were content valid for both female and male Gulf War I military personnel was examined to elucidate gender differences in war-zone exposure and identify gender-based differential associations between stressors and mental health outcomes. While women and men were exposed to both mission-related and interpersonal stressors and both stressor categories were associated with mental health outcomes, women reported more interpersonal stressors and these stressors generally had a stronger impact on women's than on men's mental health. Exceptions are described, and implications are discussed.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jts.20018DOI Listing

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