On the basis of comparative experimental evaluation of specific features in the course of the vaccinal process after the immunization of laboratory animals with live smallpox vaccines, intended for oral use (in tablets) and for skin scarification was proposed. In experiments on rabbits, made with the use of virological and immunological methods, the counteraction of the elements constituting the vaccinal process was analyzed, the integral evaluation of its course was given, the greater safety of the oral preparation in comparison with the traditional vaccine for immunization by skin-scarification method were established. The conclusion was made that oral immunization was the safest immunization method under modern conditions and promising one for using live vaccines with population immunity being at a low level or absent.
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