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The Impact of Resident Adipose Tissue Macrophages on Adipocyte Homeostasis and Dedifferentiation.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Obesity is concurrent with immunological dysregulation, resulting in chronic low-grade inflammation and cellular dysfunction. In pancreatic islets, this loss of function has been correlated with mature β-cells dedifferentiating into a precursor-like state through constant exposure to inflammatory stressors. As mature adipocytes likewise have the capability to dedifferentiate in vitro and in vivo, we wanted to analyze this cellular change in relation to adipose tissue (AT) inflammation and adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Role of lncRNAs in the Protective Action of Tamoxifen on the Ovaries of Tumor-Bearing Rats Receiving Cyclophosphamide.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
Infertility due to ovarian toxicity is a common side effect of cancer treatment in premenopausal women. Tamoxifen (TAM) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator that prevented radiation- and chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure in preclinical studies. In the current study, we examined the potential regulatory role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the mechanism of action of TAM in the ovaries of tumor-bearing rats receiving cyclophosphamide (CPA) as cancer therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle-modality endocrine therapy versus radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery in women aged 70 years and older with luminal A-like early breast cancer (EUROPA): a preplanned interim analysis of a phase 3, non-inferiority, randomised trial.
Lancet Oncol
December 2024
Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Radiation Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy.
Background: Optimal therapy following breast-conserving surgery in older adults with low-risk, early-stage breast cancer remains uncertain. The EUROPA trial aims to compare the effects of radiotherapy and endocrine therapy as single-modality treatments on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence (IBTR) outcomes in this population.
Methods: This non-inferiority, phase 3, randomised study was conducted at 18 academic hospitals across Italy (17 centres) and Slovenia (one centre).
BHLH Transcription Factor TCF21 Inhibits Myofibroblast Formation and Cardiac Fibrosis.
Circ Res
December 2024
Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH. (A.K.Z.J., R.K.K., R.J.V., S.-C.J.L., S.L.K.B., Y.K., K.M.G., K.W., M.A.S., T.A.B., J.D.M.).
Background: TCF21 (transcription factor 21) is a bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix) protein required for the developmental specification of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) from epicardial progenitor cells that surround the embryonic heart. In the adult heart, TCF21 is expressed in tissue-resident fibroblasts and is downregulated in response to injury or stimuli leading to myofibroblast differentiation. These findings led to the hypothesis that TCF21 regulates fibroblast differentiation in the adult mammalian heart to affect fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSelecting the Right Dose to Move Breast Cancer Prevention Forward.
Cancer Prev Res (Phila)
December 2024
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Low uptake and adherence to breast cancer preventive therapy are primarily due to fears of serious side effects and menopausal symptoms.
- A study indicates that low-dose tamoxifen is effective and has fewer side effects for high-risk women, leading to better patient adherence.
- More than 70% of women who were counseled about low-dose tamoxifen continued taking it after one year, suggesting this treatment could improve breast cancer prevention efforts and lower related mortality rates.
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