We present a 42-year-old man who was admitted with worsening of his general condition and facial skin lesions. He had previously been diagnosed with HIV infection and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Diagnostic work-up revealed a new relapse of VL paralleled by the diagnosis of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). The patient was treated with IV liposomal amphotericin B as well as sodium stibogluconate followed by oral hexadecylphosphocholine (miltefosine) over a period of 9 months. PKDL lesions began to disappear after 8 months of treatment. In addition, severe and relapsing VL so far remains in remission. This case demonstrates successful treatment of PKDL and relapsing VL in a Western European patient with HIV infection.
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