Nursing care for the child with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is complex and challenging. Understanding the mechanism behind the disease increases the effectiveness of nursing care.
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Intralesional Steroid Injections for Management of Granulomatous Mastitis: A Systematic Review of Treatment Protocols and Clinical Outcomes.
Breast J
January 2025
School of Medicine Sydney, National School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
Although idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (GM) of the breast is a benign condition, it can be locally aggressive and frequently chronic, causing significant pain and distress to the patient. Treatment often involves multiple disciplines including general practice, breast surgery/physicians, rheumatology and/or immunology. Traditional options for treatment include observation, oral steroids, methotrexate and/or surgery, all with variable outcomes.
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Olgahospital, Klinikum Stuttgart, Germany.
Objective: Pulmonary involvement in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is rare. Limited awareness results in diagnostic challenges, especially because malignancy or infection needs to be considered.
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The 'inflammazone' in chronic inflammatory diseases: psoriasis and sarcoidosis.
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Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Nanhai Clinical Translational Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan, China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Zenith Institute of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, China. Electronic address:
Chronic inflammatory diseases show significant heterogeneity in their phenotypes, with diverse immune cells and mediators interacting in response to various stimuli. This review proposes the concept of the 'inflammazone' framework - which maps the distribution of immune components driving disease pathogenesis - using sarcoidosis and psoriasis as examples. Sarcoidosis features granulomatous inflammation with macrophages and CD4 T cells, which can spread to lymph nodes and other organs.
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The diagnosis and management of complex neurological conditions such as New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) and central nervous system (CNS) infections caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pose substantial difficulties in intensive care units (ICUs). This article combines a case report and a literature review that explores the diagnostic dilemmas and therapeutic strategies for these critical conditions. We report the case of an 83-year-old female with chronic granulomatous meningitis secondary to NTM, presenting a challenging diagnostic and complex management complexity typical of such a rare disease through a period time of five years.
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