Dolphin's (Tursiops truncatus) capacity to discriminate between dynamic characteristics of the object location (the target moving radially) was studied. The dolphin sensitivity thresholds for target velocity (2.6 cm/s) and for target acceleration (0.6 cm/s2) were measured. It has been shown that the animal emits two-pulse probe signal to locate the target moving with constant velocity, or three-pulse probe signal--to locate the accelerated target. New highly efficient technical methods of hydro- and radiolocation were suggested on the basis of these peculiarities.
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EClinicalMedicine
November 2024
China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Background: In the context of the World Health Organization's (WHO) 90-70-90 targets for accelerating cervical cancer elimination, we aimed to assess the impact of achieving these targets and altering intervention factors on cervical cancer elimination in China and their potential benefits from preventing other human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers.
Methods: We developed a sexual contact network-Markov model to simulate HPV transmission and the progression of HPV-related cancers (cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers). We projected the population impact of achieving 90-70-90 targets by 2030 on the overall HPV-related cancer burden in China during 2024-2100.
Psychol Rev
January 2025
Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Albany.
Cognitive scientists and neuroscientists are increasingly deploying computational models to develop testable theories of psychological functions and make quantitative predictions about cognition, brain activity, and behavior. Computational models are used to explain target phenomena such as experimental effects, individual, and/or population differences. They do so by relating these phenomena to the underlying components of the model that map onto distinct cognitive mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTher Adv Med Oncol
January 2025
Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, Milan 20141, Italy.
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a transformative approach in cancer therapy by enhancing tumor targeting and minimizing systemic toxicity compared to traditional chemotherapy. Initially developed with chemotherapy agents as payloads, ADCs have now incorporated alternative payloads, such as immune-stimulating agents, natural toxins, and radionuclides, to improve therapeutic efficacy and specificity. A significant advancement in ADC technology is the integration of Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs), which enable the precise degradation of cellular targets involved in tumorigenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Prev Res (Phila)
January 2025
Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
The study by Downs and colleagues targets patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to explore secondary/tertiary cancer prevention strategies. Utilizing a "window-of-opportunity" design, erlotinib was evaluated for its effect on EGFR phosphorylation, although the unconventional dosing regimen failed to demonstrate efficacy. New opportunities in NMIBC prevention include targeting FGFR3 mutations with emerging FGFR inhibitors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Stem Cell Res Ther
December 2024
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Kashmir, India.
Autoimmune diseases pose a significant challenge due to their complex pathogenesis and rising prevalence. Traditional therapies are often limited by systemic side effects, immunosuppression, and lack of long-term efficacy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated immunomodulatory properties, primarily through the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are now recognized as potent mediators of immune regulation.
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