The authors report on 2 boys, 11(1/2) and 13 years old, who received allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) from their HLA-identical sibling after relapse of stage IV alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Both patients were transplanted in a non-remission status. After alloSCT both patients experienced disease progression at the primary tumor location sites and died due to the underlying disease 146 and 379 days after transplantation. The authors conclude that an alloSCT derived graft versus tumor effect might not be effective enough to overcome alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma when transplantation is carried out in a nonremission status.
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Article Synopsis
- Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare and aggressive pediatric cancer that commonly affects children and adolescents, with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) often developing in areas like the trunk and head/neck.
- An 11-year-old girl diagnosed with ARMS presented with a perianal mass, showing aggressive metastasis to the pleura, lymph nodes, and even bones, which is less common.
- The case underscores the difficulties in diagnosing and treating ARMS, stressing the importance of early detection, advanced imaging techniques, and the need for ongoing research to develop better treatment options.
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