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Attention-guided convolutional network for bias-mitigated and interpretable oral lesion classification.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Accurate diagnosis of oral lesions, early indicators of oral cancer, is a complex clinical challenge. Recent advances in deep learning have demonstrated potential in supporting clinical decisions. This paper introduces a deep learning model for classifying oral lesions, focusing on accuracy, interpretability, and reducing dataset bias.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA stacked CNN and random forest ensemble architecture for complex nursing activity recognition and nurse identification.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Computer Science and Digital Technologies, University of East London, London, UK.
Nursing activity recognition has immense importance in the development of smart healthcare management and is an extremely challenging area of research in human activity recognition. The main reasons are an extreme class-imbalance problem and intra-class variability depending on both the subject and the recipient. In this paper, we apply a unique two-step feature extraction, coupled with an intermediate feature 'Angle' and a new feature called mean min max sum to render the features robust against intra-class variation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectrical excitability of neuronal networks based on the voltage threshold of electrical stimulation.
Sci Rep
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) have been widely used in studies on the electrophysiological features of neuronal networks. In classic MEA experiments, spike or burst rates and spike waveforms are the primary characteristics used to evaluate the neuronal network excitability. Here, we introduced a new method to assess the excitability using the voltage threshold of electrical stimulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColon-targeted engineered postbiotics nanoparticles alleviate osteoporosis through the gut-bone axis.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
The potential for mitigating intestinal inflammation through the gut-bone axis in the treatment of osteoporosis is significant. While various gut-derived postbiotics or bacterial metabolites have been created as dietary supplements to prevent or reverse bone loss, their efficacy and safety still need improvement. Herein, a colon-targeted drug delivery system is developed using surface engineering of polyvinyl butyrate nanoparticles by shellac resin to achieve sustained release of postbiotics butyric acid at the colorectal site.
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