Mitochondrial uncoupling mediated by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is classically associated with non-shivering thermogenesis by brown fat. Recent evidence indicates that UCP family proteins are also present in selected neurons. Unlike UCP1, these proteins (UCP2, UCP4 and BMCP1/UCP5) are not constitutive uncouplers and are not crucial for non-shivering thermogenesis. However, they can be activated by free radicals and free fatty acids, and their activity has a profound influence on neuronal function. By regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, calcium flux, free radical production and local temperature, neuronal UCPs can directly influence neurotransmission, synaptic plasticity and neurodegenerative processes. Insights into the regulation and function of these proteins offer unsuspected avenues for a better understanding of synaptic transmission and neurodegeneration.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn1767 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Proliferation Inhibited by Genipin in Human Leukemia K562 Cells: Involvement of Uncoupling Protein 2 in Mitochondrial Damage.
World J Oncol
February 2025
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China.
Background: Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is essential for maintaining redox homeostasis and regulating energy metabolism. Abnormal expression of UCP2 has been associated with various tumors, including leukemia. Genipin (GEN), a specific inhibitor of UCP2, has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReappraisal of the fundamental mechanisms of the sHA14-1 molecule as a Bcl-2/Bcl-XL ligand in the context of anticancer therapy: A cell biological study.
J Biol Methods
December 2024
National Center for Scientific Research UMR 8003, Paris City University, SSPIN Neuroscience Institute, Saint-Germain Campus, Paris, Île de France 75006, France.
Background: HA14-1 is a small-molecule, stable B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) antagonist that promotes apoptosis in malignant cells through an incompletely-defined mechanism of action. Bcl-2 and related anti-apoptotic proteins, such as B-cell lymphoma-extra-large [Bcl-XL]), are predominantly localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane, where they regulate cell death pathways. However, the notably short half-life of HA14-1 limits its potential therapeutic application.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExercise training partly ameliorates cardiac dysfunction in mice during doxorubicin treatment of breast cancer.
J Transl Med
January 2025
Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Introduction: Doxorubicin is a chemotherapeutic drug used to treat various cancers. Exercise training (ET) can attenuate some cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin (DOX) in tumor-free animals. However, the ET effects on cardiac function and glucose metabolism in DOX-treated breast cancer models remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvolvement of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the nephrotoxicity induced by high-fat diet in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Toxicol Lett
January 2025
China Institute of Sport Science, 11 Tiyuguan Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100061, PR China.
The prevalence of obesity-associated kidney injury has increased, yet the precise extent of the injury and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study used a Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model to simulate human exposure scenarios, with the objective of investigating the involvement of mitochondria in obesity-induced renal toxicity. Biochemical analysis revealed significant increases in serum creatinine, cystatin C, urinary protein, urinary microalbumin, and urinary α1-microglobulin levels in rats fed a high-fat diet, indicating a notable decline in glomerular filtration function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: It has been reported that even with the same body mass index (BMI), there are subjects with metabolically healthy or unhealthy phenotype. The main determinants of the unhealthy phenotype are the type and distribution of fat, ectopic fat accumulation, genetics, and lifestyle factors. Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) disengage mitochondrial respiration from ATP synthesis and result in heat production, which in turn is related to energy expenditure and, thus, to fat mass accumulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!