Evaluation of transient responses of ammonia-selective potentiometric electrodes for quantitative applications.

An error-compensating, predictive kinetic method is adapted and evaluated for quantitative applications based on transient responses from an ammonia-selective electrode. Transient data collected during the early part of the electrode response are used with a curve-fitting method and appropriate mathematical models to predict the signal that would be measured if the response were monitored to equilibrium. Several different theoretical and empirical models were evaluated, and all but one of the models tested permitted reliable prediction of equilibrium potentials for most responses. Predicted values of equilibrium signal were close to measured values and exhibited the expected logarithmic dependence on ammonia concentration in the range from 0.1 to 100 mmol/L. Slopes of calibration plots E infinity vs log C, varied from about 50.5 to 65.0 mV per decade with an average value of 56.9 +/- 4.2 mV per decade. Quantitative data are used to rank the different models in terms of their utility for kinetic-based determinations of ammonia by using the ammonia-selective electrode.