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Maternally activated connections of the ventral lateral septum reveal input from the posterior intralaminar thalamus.
Brain Struct Funct
January 2025
Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Laboratory of Molecular and Systems Neurobiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
The lateral septum (LS) demonstrates activation in response to pup exposure in mothers, and its lesions eliminate maternal behaviors suggesting it is part of the maternal brain circuitry. This study shows that the density of pup-activated neurons in the ventral subdivision of the LS (LSv) is nearly equivalent to that in the medial preoptic area (MPOA), the major regulatory site of maternal behavior in rat dams. However, when somatosensory inputs including suckling were not allowed, pup-activation was markedly reduced in the LSv.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSignificant reduction in Hepatitis B virus infections following 32 years of universal Hepatitis B vaccination as part of EPI, Thailand.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Centers of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Thailand's hepatitis B virus (HBV) National Program Immunization (NPI), 32 years post-implementation, on infection rates and immunity in various age groups. A cross-sectional study involved 6,068 participants aged 6 months to 80 years from four regions in Thailand. Blood samples were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc using a chemiluminescent immunoassay.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTobacco-free generation: reflecting on progress globally and its potential feasibility in India.
Tob Control
January 2025
Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Northern Territory, Australia.
Tobacco-free generation (TFG) policies, also conceptualised as smoke-free or nicotine-free generation in some geographies, envision the elimination of tobacco use initiation by preventing tobacco sales to generations born after a specified birth date. This cohort-based policy approach eventually aims to phase out tobacco use. This paper defines TFG, reviews its international developments and explores the feasibility of the TFG policy approach in India, considering the country's federal governance structure with health as a state responsibility, within a national policy framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of Simplified Surveillance for Congenital Rubella Syndrome in Sudan, 2014-2017.
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Global Immunization Division, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Background/objectives: Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is a constellation of serious multi-organ birth defects following rubella virus infection during early pregnancy. Countries in which rubella vaccination has not yet been introduced can have a high burden of this disease. Data on CRS burden and epidemiology are needed to guide the introduction of a rubella vaccine and monitor progress for rubella elimination, but the multi-system nature of CRS manifestations and required specialized testing creates a challenge for conducting CRS surveillance in developing settings such as Sudan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProgress of Measles and Rubella Surveillance in the Context of Measles Elimination in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2019-2022.
Vaccines (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.
In 2015, the 62nd session of the Regional Committee [RC] of the Eastern Mediterranean Region [EMR] endorsed the Eastern Mediterranean Vaccine Action Plan 2016-2020 (EMVAP) that included postponement of the measles elimination target to before 2020. However, the EMR does not have a regional rubella control or elimination goal. We reviewed the progress of measles and rubella surveillance in context of measles elimination in the Eastern Mediterranean Region during 2019-2022.
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