Identification of peptide vaccine candidates for prostate cancer patients with HLA-A3 supertype alleles.

Purpose: The peptide vaccine candidates identified to date have been focused on the HLA-A2 and HLA-A24 alleles. The HLA-A11, HLA-A31, and HLA-A33 alleles share binding motifs and belong to an HLA-A3 supertype family. In this study, we attempted to identify CTL-directed peptide candidates, derived from prostate-related antigens and shared by HLA-A11+, HLA-A31+, and HLA-A33+ prostate cancer patients.

Experimental Design: Based on the binding motif to the HLA-A3 supertype alleles, 42 peptides were prepared from prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP). These peptides were first screened for their ability to be recognized by immunoglobulin G (IgG) of prostate cancer patients and subsequently for the potential to induce peptide-specific and prostate cancer-reactive CTLs from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of cancer patients with the HLA-A11, HLA-A31, and HLA-A33 alleles.

Results: Five peptide candidates, including the PSA(16-24), PAP(155-163), PAP(248-257), PSMA(207-215), and PSMA(431-440) peptides, were frequently recognized by IgGs of prostate cancer patients. These peptides efficiently induced peptide-specific and prostate cancer-reactive CTLs from PBMCs of cancer patients with the HLA-A11, HLA-A31, and HLA-A33 alleles. Antibody blocking and cold inhibition experiments revealed that the HLA-A3 supertype-restricted cytotoxicity against prostate cancer cells could be ascribed to peptide-specific and CD8+ T cells.

Conclusions: We identified prostate-related antigen-derived new peptide candidates for HLA-A11-, HLA-A31-, and HLA-A33-positive prostate cancer patients. This information could facilitate the development of a peptide-based anticancer vaccine for patients with alleles other than HLA-A2 and HLA-A24.