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Deciphering consciousness: The role of corticothalamocortical interactions in general anesthesia.
Pharmacol Res
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China. Electronic address:
General anesthesia is administered to millions of individuals each year, however, the precise mechanism by which it induces unconsciousness remains unclear. While some theories suggest that anesthesia shares similarities with natural sleep, targeting sleep-promoting areas and inhibiting arousal nuclei, recent research indicates a more complex process. Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of corticothalamocortical circuits, which are involved in higher cognitive functions, in controlling arousal states and modulating transitions between different conscious states during anesthesia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMotion detection: Specific thalamocortical connections revealed.
Curr Biol
January 2025
Department of Gene Function and Phenomics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan; Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies, Sokendai, Hayama, Japan. Electronic address:
Inferring the direction of image motion is an important component of visual processing. A study with in vivo dual electrophysiological recording now reveals that the sensitivity of visual cortical neurons to the direction of motion is established by specific neural connections from the visual thalamus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAuditory and Visual Thalamocortical Connectivity Alterations in Unmedicated People with Schizophrenia: An Individualized Sensory Thalamic Localization and Resting-State Functional Connectivity Study.
medRxiv
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794.
Background: Converging evidence from clinical neuroimaging and animal models has strongly implicated dysfunction of thalamocortical circuits in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Preclinical models of genetic risk for schizophrenia have shown reduced synaptic transmission from auditory thalamus to primary auditory cortex, which may represent a correlate of auditory disturbances such as hallucinations. Human neuroimaging studies, however, have found a generalized increase in resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) between whole thalamus and sensorimotor cortex in people with schizophrenia (PSZ).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransdiagnostic conceptualization of schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. An integrative framework of minimal self disturbance.
Neuropsychopharmacol Hung
December 2024
Pszichiátriai és Pszichoterápiás Klinika, Semmelweis Egyetem, Budapest.
Article Synopsis
- The study suggests that autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia may share overlapping features, particularly regarding minimal self-experience, characterized by altered body ownership and agency.
- A literature review highlighted tools used to assess self-experience in both disorders, revealing that minimal self-disturbances are significant in both, though they manifest differently.
- The findings indicate that these disorders might be part of a shared psychopathological continuum, with common neural mechanisms contributing to self-disturbances across the conditions.
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