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In most organisms, biological variability rests on the behaviour of the chromosomes in the meiotic context. Despite the importance of meiosis, very little is known about the meiotic behaviour of the Eimeria chromosomes. The aim of the present study is to describe the standard synaptonemal complex karyotype from Eimeria tenella oocyst spreads by electron microscopy. For that purpose, complete sets of pachytene synaptonemal complexes were obtained and the morphological pachytene karyotype was determined. The authors used a previously reported method that overcomes the difficulty of the extreme resistance of protozoan oocysts to disruption and permits the release of intact meiotic chromosomes. The chromosomes were selected under a light microscope and those selected were stained with phosphotungtic acid and studied by transmission electron microscopy. The authors confirmed 14 chromosomes, which were observed as synaptonemal complexes, and the karyotype was constructed by arranging synaptonemal complexes according to their relative lengths and kinetochore position. Components of the synaptonemal complex, lateral elements, central element, recombination nodules and kinetochore were observed. Measures of the kynetochore, width of the synaptonemal complex, diameter of the recombination nodule and length of the telomeres are given. Minimal and no significant differences were found between measures of chromosomes isolated from different Eimeria tenella strains. To the best of our knowledge, the present investigation for the first time identifies and describes the morphological characteristics of the synaptonemal complex of Eimeria tenella during the meiosis that occurs within the oocysts. In addition, the authors provide evidence of the presence of recombination nodules, suggesting that the recombination process may play an important role in the molecular evolution of this parasite.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.06.009 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
March 2025
Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Faithful meiotic segregation requires pairwise alignment of the homologous chromosomes and their synaptonemal complex (SC) mediated stabilization. Here, we investigate factors that promote and coordinate these events during C. elegans meiosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtoplasma
March 2025
Key Laboratory of Botany in Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China.
The genus Senecio, which is a basal angiosperm group, holds significant importance for evolutionary and phylogenetic research. It is notable for possessing male meiotic characteristics that are rarely observed in most angiosperms. However, the current understanding about male meiosis in Senecio remains incomplete.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Health Perspect
March 2025
School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
Background: Environmental contamination by endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has created serious public health, ecological, and regulatory concerns. Prenatal exposures can affect a wide range of developing organ systems and are associated with adverse changes to behavior, metabolism, fertility, and disease risk in the adult. The most serious and puzzling observation for some EDC exposures is the transmission of effects to subsequent unexposed generations (transgenerational effects) in animal models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
February 2025
School of Biological Sciences and Center for Cell and Genome Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
During meiosis, the parental chromosomes are drawn together to enable exchange of genetic information. Chromosomes are aligned through the assembly of a conserved interface, the synaptonemal complex, composed of a central region that forms between two parallel chromosomal backbones called axes. Here, we identify the axis-central region interface in , containing a conserved positive patch on the axis component HIM-3 and the negative C terminus of the central region protein SYP-5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetics
February 2025
Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
The centromere effect (CE) is a meiotic phenomenon that ensures meiotic crossover suppression in pericentromeric regions. Despite being a critical safeguard against nondisjunction, the mechanisms behind the CE remain unknown. Previous studies found that different regions of the Drosophila pericentromere, encompassing proximal euchromatin, beta and alpha heterochromatin, undergo varying levels of crossover suppression, raising the question of whether distinct mechanisms establish the CE in different regions.
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