AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
The electrocortical correlates of the processing of feared/fear-relevant and neutral stimuli were investigated in a pictorial emotional Stroop paradigm with spider phobic, social phobic, and nonphobic subjects. Subjects identified either the color of red or blue pictures of spiders, birds, or flowers (emotional Stroop task) or the object itself (identification task) by pressing different buttons. No emotional Stroop interference was found for spider phobic subjects when identifying the color of spiders as opposed to neutral stimuli. However, in the object identification task, spider phobic subjects identified spiders significantly faster than birds or flowers. Parietal P300 and P400 amplitudes were enhanced independent of task in spider phobic but not in nonphobic subjects when viewing pictures of spiders, which is consistent with previous studies showing that highly unpleasant and arousing pictures affect parietal late positive potentials.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.00315.x | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Re-encountering the phobic cue within days after a reconsolidation intervention is crucial to observe a lasting fear reduction in spider phobia.
Mol Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Memory reconsolidation interventions offer an exciting alternative to exposure treatment because they may target fear memories directly, thereby preventing relapse. A previous reconsolidation intervention for spider fear abruptly reduced avoidance behaviour, whereas changes in self-reported fear followed later. In this pre-registered placebo-controlled study, we first aimed to conceptually replicate these effects in spider phobia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimizing in vivo exposure using occasional reinforced extinction with aversive imagery in spider fearful individuals.
Behav Res Ther
January 2025
Department of Clinical Psychology, Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Although exposure-based therapy is widely recognized as effective for treating various anxiety disorders, a significant proportion of patients fail to benefit or experience a return of fear following successful treatment. One promising strategy involves occasional presentation of fear-evoking stimuli during extinction (occasional reinforced extinction, ORE). This study investigates a novel approach to translate ORE into clinical practice by incorporating occasional vivid imagery of individuals' worst-case fear scenarios during in-vivo exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcological momentary assessment models trajectories of expectancy following exposure: A proof-of-concept pilot study.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry
March 2025
University of California, Department of Psychology, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - The Inhibitory Retrieval Approach to exposure therapy focuses on how prediction errors, or the discrepancy between expected and actual results, can enhance treatment for fears and anxiety by challenging people’s expectations during exposure.
- - A study involving adults with social anxiety and spider phobia used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to track changes in their expectations about feared outcomes for several days after exposure sessions and found that expectancy ratings dropped significantly and stayed stable afterward.
- - Limitations include a small sample size in this pilot study, which suggests the need for further research to confirm these findings in a larger group.
Anxiety disorders have long been conceptualized as disorders of fear, while other emotions have largely been overlooked. However, an emerging literature has increasingly implicated disgust in certain anxiety-related disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder, specific phobias (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEye-tracking analysis of attentional disengagement in phobic and non-phobic individuals.
Atten Percept Psychophys
November 2024
Department of Human Sciences, Institute of Psychology, General Psychology, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85577, Neubiberg, Germany.
This study investigated threat-related attention biases using a new visual search paradigm with eye tracking, which allows for measuring attentional disengagement in isolation. This is crucial as previous studies have been unable to distinguish between engagement, disengagement, and behavioral freezing. Thirty-three participants (M = 28.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!