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Completion of lunar magma ocean solidification at 4.43 Ga.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
Crystallization of the lunar magma ocean yielded a chemically unique liquid residuum named KREEP. This component is expressed as a large patch on the near side of the Moon and a possible smaller patch in the northwest portion of the Moon's South Pole-Aitken basin on the far side. Thermal models estimate that the crystallization of the lunar magma ocean (LMO) could have spanned from 10 and 200 My, while studies of radioactive decay systems have yielded inconsistent ages for the completion of LMO crystallization covering over 160 My.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSexually dimorphic DNA methylation and gene expression patterns in human first trimester placenta.
Biol Sex Differ
August 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8635 West 3rd Street, Suite 160, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
Background: Fetal sex and placental development impact pregnancy outcomes and fetal-maternal health, but the critical timepoint of placenta establishment in first trimester is understudied in human pregnancies.
Methods: Pregnant subjects were recruited in late first trimester (weeks 10-14) at time of chorionic villus sampling, a prenatal diagnostic test. Leftover placenta tissue was collected and stored until birth outcomes were known, then DNA and RNA were isolated from singleton, normal karyotype pregnancies resulting in live births.
Extracellular vesicles from II trimester human amniotic fluid as paracrine conveyors counteracting oxidative stress.
Redox Biol
September 2024
Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy. Electronic address:
Background: We previously demonstrated that the human amniotic fluid (hAF) from II trimester of gestation is a feasible source of stromal progenitors (human amniotic fluid stem cells, hAFSC), with significant paracrine potential for regenerative medicine. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) separated and concentrated from hAFSC secretome can deliver pro-survival, proliferative, anti-fibrotic and cardioprotective effects in preclinical models of skeletal and cardiac muscle injury. While hAFSC-EVs isolation can be significantly influenced by in vitro cell culture, here we profiled EVs directly concentrated from hAF as an alternative option and investigated their paracrine potential against oxidative stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFValproic acid exposure affects social visual lateralization and asymmetric gene expression in zebrafish larvae.
Sci Rep
February 2024
Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Piazza della Manifattura 1, 38068, Rovereto, TN, Italy.
Cerebral asymmetry is critical for typical brain function and development; at the same time, altered brain lateralization seems to be associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Zebrafish are increasingly emerging as model species to study brain lateralization, using asymmetric development of the habenula, a phylogenetically old brain structure associated with social and emotional processing, to investigate the relationship between brain asymmetry and social behavior. We exposed 5-h post-fertilization zebrafish embryos to valproic acid (VPA), a compound used to model the core signs of ASD in many vertebrate species, and assessed social interaction, visual lateralization and gene expression in the thalamus and the telencephalon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo Arabidopsis promoters drive seed-coat specific gene expression in pennycress and camelina.
Plant Methods
December 2023
Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
Background: Pennycress and camelina are two important novel biofuel oilseed crop species. Their seeds contain high content of oil that can be easily converted into biodiesel or jet fuel, while the left-over materials are usually made into press cake meals for feeding livestock. Therefore, the ability to manipulate the seed coat encapsulating the oil- and protein-rich embryos is critical for improving seed oil production and press cake quality.
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